作 者：
韩喜越;王晓迪;崔晨曦;单延龙;于渤;尹赛男;曹丽丽
关键词：
细小可燃物;影响因素;冗余分析;根河林业局
摘 要：
[目的]细小可燃物是森林地表可燃物的重要组成部分,对地表细小可燃物开展研究,对预防林火发生和森林可燃物管理工作具有重要的现实意义.以内蒙古大兴安岭根河林业局主要可燃物类型为研究对象,对该林业局地表细小可燃物特征及其影响因素进行研究.[方法]基于不同细小可燃物的载量、表面体积比、含水率、热值、灰分特征,使用方差分析、冗余分析方法分析该林业局主要可燃物类型的地表细小可燃物特征及其与环境因子之间的关系;通过随机森林和聚类分析方法,对不同可燃物类型的燃烧性进行排序.[结果]根河林业局主要可燃物类型凋落物层可燃物的表面积体积比、载量、含水率之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)、草本可燃物的热值之间存在极显著差异(P<0.01)、杂乱物 1 h时滞可燃物的表面积体积比、载量、热值、含水率之间存在显著差异(P<0.05);草本可燃物的载量、热值、含水率受环境因子影响较大,凋落物层和杂乱物1 h时滞可燃物的载量和热值受环境因子影响较大;根河林业局主要可燃物类型的燃烧性从高到底依次为:山杨林、草类-兴安落叶松林、柴桦-兴安落叶松林、杜鹃-白桦兴安落叶松混交林、樟子松人工林、杜香-兴安落叶松林、白桦林.[结论]根河林业局主要可燃物类型的地表细小可燃物特征之间绝大多数都存在显著差异(P<0.05);凋落层的可燃物载量最高,草本可燃物的载量较低,杂乱物 1 h时滞可燃物的含水率较低;环境因子对细小可燃物的载量和热值的影响较大;山杨林、草类-兴安落叶松林、柴桦-兴安落叶松林的细小可燃物燃烧性最高,杜鹃-白桦兴安落叶松混交林的燃烧性较高,樟子松人工林、杜香-兴安落叶松林、白桦林的燃烧性一般.
译 名：
Characteristics and influencing factors of surface fine fuels of main fuel types in Genhe Forestry Bureau,Daxing'an Mountains of Inner Mongolia
关键词：
fine fuel%influencing factors%redundancy analysis%Genhe Forestry Bureau
摘 要：
[Objective]Fine fuel is an important part of forest surface fuel.Studying fine fuel on the ground has important practical significance for preventing forest fire and forest fuel management.This study takes the main fuel types of Genhe Forestry Bureau in the Daxing''an Mountains of Inner Mongolia as the research object,and studies the characteristics and influencing factors of the surface fine fuel in the Forestry Bureau.[Method]Based on the load,surface-area-to-volume ratio,moisture content,heat content and ash content of different fine fuels,the characteristics of surface fine fuel of the main fuel types of the Forestry Bureau and their relationship with environmental factors were analyzed by using variance analysis and redundancy analysis methods.The combustibility of different fuel types was ranked through random forest and cluster analysis.[Result]There were significant differences in the surface-to-volume ratio,load and moisture content of fuel in litter layer of the main fuel types of Genhe Forestry Bureau(P<0.05).There were significant differences between heat content of grass fuels(P<0.05).There were significant differences in surface-to-volume ratio,load,heat content and moisture content of slash with 1h delay(P<0.05).The load,heat content and moisture content of grass fuels were greatly affected by environmental factors,while the load and heat content of litter layer and slash with 1h delay were greatly affected by environmental factors.The flammability of the main fuel types in Genhe Forestry Bureau from the top to the bottom was as follows:Populus davidiana forest,grass-Larix gmelinii forest,Betula fruticose-Larix gmelinii forest,Rhododendron dauricum-Betula platyphylla and Larix gmelinii mixed forest,Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantation,Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii forest,Betula platyphylla forest.[Conclusion]There were significant differences between the characteristics of surface fine fuels of the main fuel types in Genhe Forestry Bureau(P<0.05).The fuel load of litter layer was the highest,the grass load was lower,and the moisture content of slash with 1h delay was lower.Environmental factors had a great influence on the load and heat content of fine fuels.The fine fuel combustibility in P.davidiana forest,grass-L.gmelinii forest and B.fruticose-L.gmelinii forest was the highest,the fine fuel combustibility in R.dauricum-B.platyphylla and L.gmelinii mixed forest was higher,and the fine fuel combustibility in P.sylvestris var.mongolica plantation,L.palustre-L.gmelinii forest and B.platyphylla forest was general.
