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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 棉蚜对有机磷杀虫剂抗性的生化机理 昆虫学报 1987,30 (1) 13-20
Position: Home > Articles > BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISM OF RESISTANCE OF COTTON APHIDS TO ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDES Acta Entomologica Sinica 1987,30 (1) 13-20

棉蚜对有机磷杀虫剂抗性的生化机理

作  者：
孙耘芹;冯国蕾;袁家珪;祝平;龚坤元
单  位：
中国科学院动物研究所
关键词：
棉蚜;有机磷杀虫剂;抗性机理;多功能氧化酶;谷胱甘肽S-转移酶;羧酸酯酶;胆碱酯酶
摘  要：
本文对有机磷抗性和感性棉蚜Aphis gossypii三个种群抗性生化机制进行了讲究。首先用解毒酶的抑制剂测定药剂的解毒途径。进一步测定乙酰胆碱酯酶活力及其敏感性和多功能氧化酶、谷胱甘肽s-转移酶、α-乙酸萘酯酶和α-乙酸萘酯羧酸酯酶等解毒酶的活力。结果表明,体内条件下,多功能氧化酶与抗性有关,但在离体条件下,在棉蚜匀浆液中有内源抑制剂存在。α-乙酸萘酯酶和α-乙酸萘酯羧酸酯酶活力的增加,乙酰胆碱酯酶对杀虫剂敏感性的降低也是造成棉蚜对有机磷产生抗性的原因。
译  名：
BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISM OF RESISTANCE OF COTTON APHIDS TO ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDES
作  者：
SUN YUN-QIN FENG GUO-LEI YUAN JIA-GUI ZHU PING GONG KUN-YUAN(Institute of Zoology. Academia Sinica)
关键词：
Aphis gossypii Glover——organophosphorus insecticides——resistancemechanism——mixed function oxidase——glutathion S-transferase——carboxyesterases——cholinesterase
摘  要：
The cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover is oue of the most important pests infesting cotton in the cotton areas of North China. Since 1953 organophosphorus insecticides have been used to-control the aphid for keeping up good yield of cotton. At present, resistance of the aphid to insecticides has become a vital probl閙 in cotton production. This has prompted us to investi-gata the mechanism of resistance to organophosphorus insecticides and to search for the strategy to control the resistant aphids.All experiments were performed on apterous viviparous female aphids and topical applica-tion was adopted for testing the effct of insecticides on the aphids. Three populations of cot-ton aphids (B-Beijing, Q = Qing Dao, and G = Gao Mi) were compared. The LD50 values of parthion and paraoxon on aphids of population B, Q and G were 38 and 4, 59 and 9, and 93,5 and 21 ng/aphid respectively. Besides the slower penetration of organophosphorus insecticides into the aphids of resistant populations, the use of synergists including methyl iodide, SV1 (O, O-diethyl O-phenyl phosphorothionate) and piperonyl bul oxide has given evidence indica-ting whether mixed function oxidases (MFO), carboxylcsterase and glutathion S-transferase are involved in the formation of resistance. MFO seems to be one of the factors causing resistance, but the cotton aphid homogenates in v韙ro are found to contain endogenous inhibitors of MFO. The results also showed that the sensitivity of AChE to paraoxon in resistant population G was 1.9 and 14.2 times lowcr than that in populations Q and B. The activities of L-Na este-rases and L-NA carboxylesterases in population G were respectively 2.3-15.4 and 18.0-70.0 times higher than that in populations Q and B. The activities of esterases showed rnore conspi-cuous difference in the three populations.

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