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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 基于SPI和SPEI陕北黄土区土壤水分对气候特征的响应 农业机械学报 2016,47 (8) 155-163
Position: Home > Articles > Response of Soil Moisture on Climate Characteristics Based on SPI and SPEI in Loess Region of Northern Shaanxi Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery 2016,47 (8) 155-163

基于SPI和SPEI陕北黄土区土壤水分对气候特征的响应

作  者：
赵兴凯;李增尧;朱清科
单  位：
北京林业大学水土保持学院
关键词：
陕北黄土区;气候特征;土壤水分;标准化降水指数;标准化降水蒸散指数
摘  要：
通过计算标准化降水指数和标准化降水蒸散指数且借助Mann-Kendall检验分析陕北吴起县1957—2014年的降水和气温,并与研究区土壤含水率进行回归分析,旨在明确陕北吴起县气候特征及其与土壤含水率的关系。结果表明:1 1957—2014年吴起县降水年际差异明显且季节变化趋势不同,平均以11.17 mm/(10 a)的幅度减少;四季气温均显著或极显著升高,年均气温以0.01℃/(10 a)的幅度升高。降水和气温的变化均具突变现象,突变开始年份分别为1972年前后及1991年。2两指数均能较准确反映陕北吴起县气候特征,1957—2014年间吴起县干湿年交替出现,主要湿润期出现在20世纪60年代。干旱年和湿润年的年份相当,均远少于正常年份,但吴起县仍处于变干旱的趋势中,且干旱程度加重。3研究区6—10月份各坡向坡面0~1 m深度土壤含水率与月尺度的两指数均有很高的相关性,存在二次函数关系。
译  名：
Response of Soil Moisture on Climate Characteristics Based on SPI and SPEI in Loess Region of Northern Shaanxi
作  者：
Zhao Xingkai;Li Zengyao;Zhu Qingke;School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University;
关键词：
loess region of northern Shaanxi;;climate characteristics;;soil moisture;;standardized precipitation index;;standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index
摘  要：
In order to exactly figure out the climate characteristics and its relationship with soil water content,precipitation and air temperature characteristics were analyzed by using the standardized precipitation index( SPI) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index( SPEI) as well as Mann-Kendall tests based on precipitation and air temperature data from Wuqi synoptic station over the period of 1957—2014,and regression analysis of soil water content was also performed. The results showed that:( 1) an obvious difference was existed among annual precipitations,and the seasonal precipitation series had different trends. On the whole,precipitation displayed a decreasing trend with value of 11. 17 mm /( 10 a). Compared with precipitation,significantly increasing trend of air temperature was detected at seasonal scale with a rate of 0. 01℃ /( 10 a). Significantly changing trends existed in the series of precipitation and air temperature,and the crossing points were 1972 and 1991,respectively.( 2) Both SPI and SPEI can accurately reflect the climate characteristics of the study area. In general,wet year alternated with dry year during the period of 1957—2014. The main rainy period was estimated to appear in the 1960 s. The occurred chances for wet years and dry years were almost the same,but both of them were far less than normal years. Wuqi county initially exhibited a warming and drying trend,which would be even more serious in future.( 3) The relationship between soil water content in 0 ~ 1 m soil depth on the slopes of different directions and one month scale SPI / SPEI could be stated with a quadratic function which had high fitting accuracy. SPI-1 / SPEI-1 must achieve a certain degree thenshowed positive correlation with soil water content,and different slopes had different required levels. This research showed that both SPI and SPEI were suitable for application in loess region of northern Shaanxi because of the similar analysis results. This method can be applied to other different parts of the climate change research,especially in arid and semi-arid region; the results can provide reference for climate change in loess region of northern Shaanxi, and provide theoretical basis for promoting vegetation restoration artificially.

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