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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 基于RUSLE的松花江流域不同侵蚀类型区泥沙输移比估算 水土保持研究 2013,20 (5) 50-56
Position: Home > Articles > Estimation of Sediment Delivery Ratio in Different Soil Erosion Regions in the Songhua River Basin Based on RUSLE Research of Soil and Water Conservation 2013,20 (5) 50-56

基于RUSLE的松花江流域不同侵蚀类型区泥沙输移比估算

作  者：
王志杰;简金世;焦菊英;苏嫄
单  位：
中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所;常德市水利水电勘测设计院;西北农林科技大学资源环境学院
关键词：
RUSLE;土壤侵蚀;河流输沙;泥沙输移比;松花江流域
摘  要：
为摸清东北黑土区土壤侵蚀与泥沙输移特征,以松花江流域为研究对象,选取不同侵蚀类型区8个水文站控制区,利用RUSLE模型,结合水文站实测输沙数据,分析了不同侵蚀类型区泥沙输移比的时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)松花江流域各侵蚀类型区均以微度侵蚀和轻度侵蚀为主,而草地、旱地和裸地侵蚀模数均呈现依次增大趋势,且大于该区容许土壤流失量,特别是松岭站、碾子山站、大石寨站和大山咀子站水文站控制区裸地土壤侵蚀模数均大于20 000t/(km2·a),达到剧烈侵蚀程度。不同侵蚀类型区之间侵蚀模数表现为丘陵沟壑区Ⅰ>丘陵沟壑区Ⅱ>天然林区>漫川漫岗区。(2)松花江流域不同侵蚀类型区泥沙输移比总体上表现为漫川漫岗区>丘陵沟壑区Ⅱ>丘陵沟壑区Ⅰ>天然林区。(3)同一侵蚀类型区不同年际间泥沙输移比波动起伏,而从20世纪60年代到80年代,人类活动影响较小的天然林区和丘陵沟壑区Ⅱ不同时期平均泥沙输移比相差不大,人类活动剧烈的漫川漫岗区和丘陵沟壑区Ⅰ平均泥沙输移比则表现为波动式递增。研究结果对于了解东北黑土区土壤侵蚀和泥沙输移规律,明确该区域土壤侵蚀机理和治理目标具有指导意义。
译  名：
Estimation of Sediment Delivery Ratio in Different Soil Erosion Regions in the Songhua River Basin Based on RUSLE
作  者：
WANG Zhi-jie;JIAN Jin-shi;JIAO Ju-ying;SU Yuan;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources;Design Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power of Changde City;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University;College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University;
关键词：
RUSLE;;soil erosion;;suspended sediment;;sediment delivery ratio;;Songhua River basin
摘  要：
In order to understand the soil erosion and sediment delivery characteristics of black soil zone in northeast of China,the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of sediment delivery ratio(SDR)of the different soil erosion regions in the Songhua River basin was analyzed by choosing the 8hydrological control zone in the different erosion regions,using the RUSLE model,and combining with the sediment hydrological data.The results showed:(1)the main soil erosion intensity of different soil erosion regions in Songhua River basin was slight erosion and mild erosion,the soil erosion modulus of different soil erosion regions was as an order of hilly-gully regionⅠ> hilly-gully regionⅡ>natural forest region>rolling hills region;(2)the average SDR of different soil erosion regions in Songhua River basin was sorted as rolling hills region>hillygully regionⅡ>hilly-gully regionⅠ >natural forest region;(3)the different interannual SDR of same soil erosion region fluctuation was caused by the influence of rainfall.However,from 1960sto 1980s,the average SDR in different periods was not obviously changed in the natural forest region and hilly-gully erosionⅡ,and fluctuation increased in the rolling hills region and hilly-gully regionⅠdue to the influence of human activity.The study would have the guiding significance to understand the soil erosion and sediment delivery characteristics of the black soil zone in northeast of China,and to clarify the soil erosion mechanism and management object of this region.

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