作 者：
刘晓冰;董霞;黎勇;周密;盛岩;郭凤鹏;周燕荣;孟秀祥
单 位：
山西农业大学动物科技学院;兰州逢春麝业科技有限公司;中国人民大学环境学院;山西巨鹏鑫林麝养殖有限责任公司;四川逢春麝业集团
摘 要：
2017年7月1日至8月31日,采用焦点取样和连续记录法,对甘肃兴隆山自然保护区马麝保育中心29头圈养马麝进行了行为取样,记录其行为发生持续时间及发生位点,根据动物在各位点对人为胁迫的应激程度定义其胆量水平,结合个体在各位点所占时间比例确定马麝个体的胆量值,分析性别、年龄等因素对其胆量的影响及胆量与麝香分泌和繁殖成效的关系.结果表明:上等体况马麝胆量(1.731±0.347)显著大于下等体况(0.915±0.789);雄麝胆量(1.035±0.120)显著小于雌麝(1.901±0.391);亚成体马麝组的胆量(1.450±0.463)有高于成体组(1.093±0.321)和老龄组(1.430±0.189)的趋势,但差异未达显著水平.区分性别后,年龄组对马麝的胆量值仍无显著影响.独居马麝胆量(0.853±0.326)小于群居马麝(1.397±0.179),但差异不显著,群居个体胆量随密度增加而趋于降低.雄麝胆量与其麝香分泌呈负相关;雌麝胆量与年均产仔数略呈正相关,与空怀率呈显著负相关,即雌麝胆量越高,其空怀率越低.研究结果可为预测圈养马麝的麝香分泌及繁殖成效提供参考,也可为圈养动物个体胆量研究提供思路.
译 名：
Boldness of the alpine musk deer in captivity during non-mating season and its relationships with the musk secretion and reproduction success
作 者：
LIU Xiao-bing;DONG Xia;LI Yong;ZHOU Mi;SHENG Yan;GUO Feng-peng;ZHOU Yan-rong;MENG Xiu-xiang;School ofEnvironment and Natural Resources,Renmin University of China;College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shanxi Agricultural University;Sichuan Fengchun Musk Deer Technology Co.Ltd.;Lanzhou Fengchun Musk Deer Technology Co.Ltd.;Shanxi Juxinpeng Musk Deer Farming Co.Ltd.;
单 位：
LIU Xiao-bing%DONG Xia%LI Yong%ZHOU Mi%SHENG Yan%GUO Feng-peng%ZHOU Yan-rong%MENG Xiu-xiang%School ofEnvironment and Natural Resources,Renmin University of China%College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shanxi Agricultural University%Sichuan Fengchun Musk Deer Technology Co.Ltd.%Lanzhou Fengchun Musk Deer Technology Co.Ltd.%Shanxi Juxinpeng Musk Deer Farming Co.Ltd.
关键词：
Alpine musk deer(Moschus sifanicus);;in captivity;;boldness;;musk secretion;;repro duction success
摘 要：
This study was conducted in 2017 from July 1st to August 31 st at Xinglongshan musk deer farm in the Xinglongshan National Nature Reserve of Gansu Province,where we recorded behaviors and locations of 29 captive musk deer using the integrated methods of focal sampling and all occurrence recording. Based on the location selection patterns under artificial stress,we defined the animal's stress level and quantified individuals' boldness by combination with the occupation time ratio at each level. Then,the effects of gender,age-class,and other factors on boldness were analyzed along with musk secretion and reproduction success. The results showed that musk deer in better health( 1.731 ± 0. 347) were significantly bolder than those in ill health( 0. 915 ± 0. 789).Female musk deer( 1.901 ± 0.391) were significantly bolder than the males( 1.035 ± 0.120). The boldness of sub-adults( 1.450±0.463) was higher than those of the adults( 1.093±0.321) and the old( 1.430±0.189). No significant difference in boldness was observed among three age-classes under the same gender. Deer living in groups( 1. 397 ± 0. 179) were not significantly bolder than those living alone( 0.853 ± 0.326). More individuals in groups,less boldness. Furthermore,there was negative correlation between male's boldness and musk secretion. The litter size had positive relationship with boldness. The non-pregnant percentage was strongly correlated to the boldness,namely the bolder females had lower non-pregnant ratio. Our results provide reference for forecasting the musk secretion and reproduction success of captive musk deer,and provide new ideas for the study of boldness in captive animals.
