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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 德兴覆盆子花芽分化及开花物候期观察 福建农业学报 2019 (3) 319-325
Position: Home > Articles > 德兴覆盆子花芽分化及开花物候期观察 Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2019 (3) 319-325

德兴覆盆子花芽分化及开花物候期观察

作  者：
闫翠香;邵小明
单  位：
浙江农林大学暨阳学院
关键词：
掌叶覆盆子;物候期;花芽分化
摘  要：
[目的]了解德兴覆盆子(掌叶覆盆子)花芽分化的形态过程及其开花物候期,为调控其花芽分化,提高德兴覆盆子的果实产量和品质提供理论依据.[方法]采用野外定点定期观测和石蜡切片法分别对德兴覆盆子的物候期和花芽分化过程的形态学进行研究.[结果]德兴覆盆子的物候期分为萌动期(芽萌动、芽膨大、芽开放)、展叶期、开花期(现蕾、始花、盛花、末花)、果实发育期(坐果、果实膨大、果实成熟、种子成熟)、结果老枝枯死期、新枝花芽形态分化期、落叶期(始落、末落)、休眠期.其中花芽形态分化期为8月初至11月中下旬,8~9月份为花芽形态分化前期,10月初花芽分化出萼片原基,10月中旬分化出花瓣原基,11月初分化出雄蕊原基,11月中旬分化出雌蕊原基,且芽体生长逐渐缓慢,进入休眠期.[结论]与多数悬钩子属植物不同,德兴覆盆子花芽寒冬休眠之前已完成形态分化,其花芽分化过程外部形态特征与内部发育存在对应关系,利用其对应关系可简单快速判断花芽分化时期,预估花期.
作  者：
YAN Cui-xiang;SHAO Xiao-ming;Jiyang College,Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University;Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming/College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University;
单  位：
YAN Cui-xiang%SHAO Xiao-ming%Jiyang College,Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University%Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming/College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,China Agricultural University
关键词：
Rubus chingii;;phenology;;flower bud differentiation
摘  要：
【Objective】Phenology and morphology of flower bud differentiation were studied for information on flowering regulation as well as berry yield and quality improvements on Dexing raspberry bushes(Rubus chingii). 【Method】The plant phenology was observed in the field,and the morphogenesis of the flower bud differentiation examined under a microscope using paraffin section. 【Result】The entire plant growth was classified into sprouting,leaf extending,blooming,fruit developing,two-year-old branch withering,flower bud differentiating,leaf falling and dormant phases. The flower bud differentiation of the bushes occurred largely from August to mid-to-late November with 5 distinct periods. The buds were not differentiated in August and September,and calyx primordium began to differentiate in early October,petal primordium in mid-October,stamen primordium in early November,and pistil primordium in mid-November. The buds grew rapidly in the early stage and slowed down in the mid-to-late stage before reaching dormancy. 【Conclusion】Unlike other Rubus spp,Dexing raspberry completed its flower bud differentiation before dormancy. The significant correlation between the external morphology and interior structure during the differentiation stage provided an indicator for easy estimating the flowering of the plants.

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