On plant nutrition smart delivery systems and precision fertilization

CUI Hai-xin,JIANG Jian-fang,LIU Qi(Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

smart delivery system;slow/controlled release fertilizers;nano-materials;precision fertilization

The yield-increasing effect of chemical fertilizers is subjected to the law of diminishing marginal returns.With increasing amount of fertilization per unit area,its input-output efficiency and nutrients absorbing rate will reduce continually;consequently,cause water body and point source pollution.Thus,the development of chemical fertilizers with intelligently controlled release function has become one of important approaches for promoting the development of environment-friendly and sustainable agriculture.The application of nanotechnology has been approved to be promising for developing smart fertilizer by using nano-structured materials as fertilizer carriers or a controlled-releasing media for construction of so-called "plant nutrients delivery system".Based on the point of view of nano-pharmacology,this paper reviewed and discussed the underlying theory of smart fertilizer and precise fertilization based on nanotechnologies,such as the interpretation and construction of plant nutrients delivery system,rhizosphere-targeted delivery of soil nutrients,intelligently controlled release patterns and regulating mechanism of fertilizer nutrients,parameter design of "smart" fertilizers and precision fertilization,etc.