作 者：
邹转;田红彦;袁翔宇;贺陆洋;徐绍忠;赵昶灵;陈天凤;殷举娇
关键词：
丹参;滇丹参;正交;花的形态;生理生化;不育
摘 要：
[目的]探索丹参类正交后代不育类型及不育原因,为丹参类药材新种质的研究提供材料.[方法]以丹参与滇丹参正交后代作为试验材料且以亲本作为对照,利用TTC和I2-KI对3种材料进行花粉活力鉴定、花朵形态学观察以及不同发育时期花蕾的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、脯氨酸和丙二醛含量测定和过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的酶活性测定.比较3种材料各指标的变化后分析引起不育的原因.[结果]花粉活力测定表明正交后代花粉粒无活力,判定其为雄性不育;观察不同材料花部特征可知:正交后代花丝长度介于亲本之间但3种材料无显著差异;花药长度3种材料间存在显著差异;正交后代的花瓣上唇长和宽均介于2个亲本之间,正交后代和滇丹参之间无显著差异;丹参下唇长和宽均大于正交后代及滇丹参.在花的整个发育过程中,丙二醛(MDA)含量正交后代高于丹参与滇丹参;可溶性糖含量正交后代较亲本略有升高;游离脯氨酸含量正交后代呈先上升后下降趋势;SOD活性呈先升高后下降再升高趋势;POD活性正交后代比亲本高.而从单核期到成熟期,可溶性蛋白含量正交后代急剧下降而滇丹参与丹参则依然呈上升趋势;CAT活性正交后代变化不大,2个亲本略有下降.[结论]丹参与滇丹参正交后代的不育类型为雄性不育,其花部形态均无异常变化.在花的整个发育过程中,由于可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量变化,导致正交后代的花营养不足,而脯氨酸含量低导致花药抗逆性差,MDA含量、CAT、SOD及POD等酶活性异常造成细胞内不能及时清除自由基、活性氧等对细胞膜造成伤害的物质,最终导致正交后代不育.
译 名：
Fertility identification and flower morphology and biochemical activity in F1 generations between Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia yunnanensis
关键词：
Salvia miltiorrhiza%Salvia yunnanensis%Forward hybridisation%Flower morphology%Physiological biochemistry%Sterility
摘 要：
[Objective]In order to offer resources for the research of fresh Salvia divinorum herb germplasm,the different types of sterility and the factors that contributed to sterility in F1 generations were investigated.[Method]In the experiment,the F1 generations between S.miltiorrhiza and S.yunnanensis were used as experimental materials and their parents as controls:Pollen viability was identified by TTC and I2-KI,flower morphology was observed,the contents of soluble protein,soluble sugar,proline and malondialdehyde in flower buds were determined,and the enzyme activities of catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were determined.After comparing the changes of each index of the three materials,the causes of infertility were analyzed.[Result]The determination of pollen vigor showed that the pollen grain of the F1 generations had no vitality and it was determined to be male sterile;The observation of the flower char-acteristics of different materials showed that the filament length of the F1 generations was between the parents,but there was no significant difference in the anther length of the three materials;The length and width of the upper lip of the petals of the F1 generations were between the two parents,and there was no significant difference between the F1 generations and S.miltiorrhiza.The length and width of lower lip of S.miltiorrhiza were larger than those of F1 generations and S.miltiorrhiza yunnanensis.During the whole process of flower development,the content of MDA in F1 generations was higher than that in S.miltiorrhiza yunnanensis.The content of free proline in flowers of F1 generations increased at first and then decreased.The activity of SOD increased at first and then decreased and then increased.The activity of POD was higher than that of parents.From uninucleate stage to mature stage,the content of soluble protein in flowers of F1 generations decreased sharply,while the content of soluble sugar in F1 generations increased only slightly compared with their parents;There was no significant change in CAT activity in flowers of F1 generations.[Conclusion]The male sterility type of F1 generations was male sterility,and the male sterility had no abnormal change in flower morphology.The change of soluble sugar and soluble protein content resulted in insufficient nutri-tion,low proline content and poor anther stress resistance.The abnormal activities of MDA,CAT,SOD,POD caused the failure to remove free radicals,reactive oxygen species and other substances that caused damage to the cell membrane in time,resulting in the sterility of F1 generations.
