作 者：
罗智;郑兴娟;王利虎;伊魁林;王玖瑞;刘孟军
单 位：
北京林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心;河北农业大学园艺学院;滨州市沾化区冬枣研究所;河北农业大学中国枣研究中心;河北农业大学林学院
关键词：
‘沾冬2号’;混倍体;倍性分离;二倍体;四倍体
摘 要：
‘沾冬2号’是从我国第一大主栽鲜食枣品种‘冬枣’(二倍体)的自然变异中选育出的大果型优质新品种,经鉴定为二、四混倍体。其在田间容易发生倍性的自然分离,果实性状很不稳定,严重影响了其推广应用。对其田间自然变异进行了大规模筛查和倍性鉴定,并开展了其田间枝干截面愈伤途径诱导不定芽再生,以期获得纯四倍体材料。结果表明,在基于形态观察表现倍性分离的150个自然新稍中,经流式细胞仪鉴定72个为二倍体,75个为二、四混倍体,3个为四倍体(仅占2.00%)。对二、四混倍体植株的茎干进行了短截和生长调节剂诱导不定芽处理,其中茎粗3 cm左右的枝条截面经4 mg/L TDZ+2.0 mg/L硝酸银溶液处理后,在18 d时愈伤率达96.67%,出芽率为20%,平均单枝截面出芽数为0.20,经流式细胞仪检测枝干截面再生的14个不定芽均为二倍体。可见,‘沾冬2号’在自然萌发和人工诱导不定芽条件下均可发生倍性分离,虽然分离产生的材料中二倍体和二、四混倍体占绝大多数,但仍可获得少量的纯四倍体。
译 名：
Ploidy segregation and pure tetraploid acquirement from mixoploid(2x + 4x) Ziziphus jujuba Mill. ‘Dongzao'
作 者：
LUO Zhi;ZHENG Xingjuan;WANG Lihu;YI Kuilin;WANG Juirui;LIU Mengjun;College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University;College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University;Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University;Binzhou Zhanhua Institute of Dongzao;Beijing Forestry and Fruit Industry Eco-environmental Function Promotion Synergetic Innovation Center;
关键词：
‘Zhandong 2';;mixoploid;;ploidy segregation;;diploid;;tetraploid
摘 要：
‘Zhandong 2' is a high-quality new variety jujube with large fruit, which was selected from the natural variation of ‘Dongzao'(diploid), the first major fresh jujube variety in China. It was identified as mixoploid(2x+4x)by our group. Because it is prone to produce ploidy separation in the field, the fruit trait is unstable, which seriously affects its promotion and application. In this paper, a large-scale screening and ploidy identification of the natural variation in the field was conducted, and the regeneration of adventitious buds was induced from callus on cross section of branches in the field to obtain pure tetraploid material. The flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the150 natural sprouts based on phenotypic observations of ploidy separation consisted of 72 diploids, 75 mixopliod(2x+4x), and 3 tetraploid(2.00%). The stem of mixoploid(2x+4x) plants was treated with short cut and growth regulator to induce adventitious buds. The cross section of stem about 3 cm was treated with 4 mg/L+TDZ 2.0 mg/L silver nitrate solution. On the 18th day, the callus rate was 96.67%, the sprouting rate was 20%, and the average number of shoots per branch section was 0.20. The 14 regenerated adventitious buds were all diploid by flow cytometry identification. Therefore, ‘Zhandong 2' can produce ploidy separation under both natural germination and artificial induction of adventitious buds. Although diploid and mixopliod(2x+4x) are the majority of the materials produced by the separation, a small amount of pure tetraploid can still be obtained.
