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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 生物炭和菜籽饼配施对土壤养分、酶活性及烟叶产质量的影响 土壤通报 2017 (6) 1429-1435
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Combining Application of Biochar and Rapeseed Cake on Soil Nutrition,Soil enzyme Activities,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Chinese Journal of Soil Science 2017 (6) 1429-1435

生物炭和菜籽饼配施对土壤养分、酶活性及烟叶产质量的影响

作  者：
李司童;毛凯伦;石锦辉;李谨成;吴薇;韩相龙;李本晟;刘海轮;唐永红;张立新
单  位：
广东中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心;陕西省烟草公司;西北农林科技大学生命科学学院
关键词：
生物炭;菜籽饼;烤烟;土壤养分;酶活性
摘  要：
为寻求适宜陕南烟田土壤改良的有机肥施用技术。采用生物炭与菜籽饼互配试验,研究不同碳氮比有机肥对土壤养分、土壤酶活性以及烟叶产质量的影响。结果表明:1、生物炭与菜籽饼配施能有效提高土壤酶活、增加土壤养分,其中T3(生物炭1500 kg hm~(-2)+菜籽饼750 kg hm~(-2))对土壤的综合肥力水平提升效果最佳,T2(生物炭750 kg hm~(-2)+菜籽饼750kg hm~(-2))次之;2、相关性分析表明土壤脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶与土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾均对土壤综合肥力水平具有较大贡献,能表征土壤肥力;3、生物炭与菜籽饼配施显著降低了烟叶烟碱含量、提高了烟叶钾含量、协调烟叶化学成分,其中以T2的搭配比例施用烟叶品质最佳且经济性状好,较CK(生物炭0 kg hm~(-2)+菜籽饼0 kg hm~(-2))产量提升6.2%,产值增加15.6%,上等烟与上中等烟比例分别提升8.3%和6.8%。综合分析,在陕西安康市旬阳地区推荐生物炭与菜籽饼配比为生物炭750 kg hm~(-2)+菜籽饼750 kg hm~(-2)。
译  名：
Effects of Combining Application of Biochar and Rapeseed Cake on Soil Nutrition,Soil enzyme Activities,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco
作  者：
LI Si-tong;MAO Kai-lun;SHI Jin-hui;LI Jin-cheng;WU Wei;HAN Xiang-long;LI Ben-sheng;LIU Hai-lun;TANG Yong-hong;ZHANG Li-xin;College of Life Sciences,Northwest A & F University;Guangdong Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd;Tobacco Company of Shaanxi Province;
关键词：
Biochar fertilizer;;Rapeseed cake fertilizer;;Tobacco;;Soil nutrient;;Enzymeactivity
摘  要：
In order to select the appropriate organic fertilizer application technology for soil improvement in tobacco fields of Southern Shaanxi,we investigated the effect of the biochar and rapeseed cake fertilizer on soil nutrition,soil enzyme activities,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.Biochar and rapeseed cake fertilizer enhanced soil nutrition and soil enzyme activities.Among them,T3(1500 kg hm~(-2) biochar combined with 750 kg hm~(-2) rapeseed cake fertilizer)showed the most obvious improvement on soil fertility,followed by T2(750 kg hm~(-2) biochar combined with 750 kg hm~(-2) rapeseed cake fertilizer).The correlation analysis showed that soil urease,acid phosphatase,invertaseand alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium all contributed greatly to soil fertility level,which could use to characterize soil fertility.The application of biochar and rapeseed cake significantly decreased the nicotine content,butincreased the potassium content of tobacco leaves,and coordinated the chemical composition of tobacco leaves.Among them,the ratioof 750 kg hm~(-2) biochar to 750 kg hm~(-2) rapeseed cake fertilizer in T2 treatment showed the best quality of tobacco leaves and besteconomic performance.Compared with control check(0 kg hm~(-2) biochar combined with 0 kg hm~(-2) rapeseed cake fertilizer),production increased by 6.2% in T2 treatment.The economic income was increased by 15.6%.The proportion of superior tobacco and upper smoke were increased by 8.3% and 6.8%,respectively.In conclusion,the best fertilizer application in Xunyang tobacco-planting area was the combination of biochar fertilizer of 750 kg hm~(-2) and rapeseed cake fertilizer of 750 kg hm~(-2).

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