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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 不同种植方式下农田渗漏水硝态氮含量的动态变化特征研究 水土保持学报 2010,24 (5) 174-179
Position: Home > Articles > Dynamic Variation Characteristics of Nitrate Nitrogen Concentration in Farmland Leaching Water under Different Planting Patterns Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 2010,24 (5) 174-179

不同种植方式下农田渗漏水硝态氮含量的动态变化特征研究

作  者：
左海军;张奇;马履一;徐力刚;吕伟明;马晨;杨自立;王梓
单  位：
北京林业大学;江阴市环境监测站;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所
关键词：
种植方式;农田渗漏水;硝态氮;集约化种植
摘  要：
该文选取江阴市沿江平原地区的3种典型农业种植区:即大棚葡萄集约化种植基地、蔬菜集约化种植基地和常规种植农田为研究对象,通过田间现场采样分析的试验方法研究了不同种植方式下农田渗漏水硝态氮含量的动态变化特征。结果表明,大棚葡萄集约化种植区渗漏水硝态氮含量随着时间的变化波动较大,硝态氮平均含量达到31.94mg/L,其中硝态氮含量峰值高达45.90mg/L,这主要是由于大棚葡萄集约化种植条件下长期过量施肥导致土壤氮素累积水平过高,过量灌溉又加大了土壤氮素的淋失强度;而蔬菜集约化种植区和常规种植区渗漏水硝态氮平均含量分别仅为4.02,3.54mg/L,显著低于大棚葡萄集约化种植区,其中常规种植区渗漏水硝态氮平均含量最低,这与常规种植区施肥强度较低有关。大棚葡萄集约化种植条件下过量灌溉和施肥加剧了土壤氮素的渗漏损失,是引起农田地下水环境硝态氮污染的主要原因。研究结果可为优化田间管理措施、减轻农田氮素淋失以及防治农业非点源污染提供科学依据。
译  名：
Dynamic Variation Characteristics of Nitrate Nitrogen Concentration in Farmland Leaching Water under Different Planting Patterns
作  者：
ZUO Hai-jun1,2,ZHANG Qi2,MA Lv-yi1,XU Li-gang2,LV Wei-ming3,MA Chen1,YANG Zi-li1,WANG Zi1 (1.The Key Laboratory of Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;2.State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210008;3.Jiangyin Environment Monitoring Ststions,Jiangyin,Jiangsu 214431)
关键词：
planting patterns;farmland leaching water;nitrate nitrogen;intensive planting
摘  要：
This paper selected three typical agricultural planting areas in riparian plain of Jiangyin city,i.e,greenhouse vine intensive planting base,vegetable intensive planting base and general planting farmland as research objects and dynamic changes of nitrate nitrogen concentration in farmland leaching water under different planting patterns were studied by the experimental method of field sampling analysis.The results indicated that with the passage of time,the variation of nitrate nitrogen content of leaching water fluctuated greatly in greenhouse vine intensive planting base.Average content of nitrate nitrogen was up to 31.94 mg/L,of which the peak value of nitrate nitrogen reached 45.90 mg/L.This was mainly because that long-term excessive fertilization led to high nitrogen accumulation level in soil and excessive irrigation increased the leaching degree of soil nitrogen.However,average content of nitrate nitrogen in vegetable intensive planting base and general planting farmland were 4.02 mg/L and 3.54 mg/L respectively,which were significantly lower than those in greenhouse vine intensive planting base.Among them,average content of nitrate nitrogen in general planting farmland was the lowest,which was due to lower fertilization rates in this area.Excessive irrigation and fertilization aggravated soil nitrogen leaching loss in greenhouse vine intensive planting system and were the main reason of inducing nitrate pollution in farmland groundwater environment.Research results were expected to provide scientific basis for optimizing field management practices,reducing farmland nitrogen leaching loss and controlling the agricultural non-point sources pollution.

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