关键词：
稻鱼模式;氮肥减施;水稻产量;氮素表观平衡
摘 要：
为了探明新型稻作模式——稻鱼模式下氮肥减施比例,设置常规施肥(CK)、氮肥减少15%(T_1)、减少30%(T_2)和减少50%(T_3)等处理进行田间试验,分析了水稻齐穗期SPAD、籽粒产量和氮素表观平衡等指标。结果表明:与CK处理相比,T_1和T_2处理不会显著降低剑叶SPAD值和籽粒产量,而T_3处理的剑叶SPAD值和籽粒产量则分别比CK处理降低了15.39%和7.69%;虽然各处理的水稻均表现为氮素盈余,但T_3处理的氮素盈余最低;进一步结合拟合方程的斜率表明,当氮肥偏生产力每提高1 kg/kg,氮素盈余可以降低2.54 kg/hm~2。因此,在稻鱼模式下,氮肥减施15%～30%可维持水稻高产,并显著降低氮素盈余。
译 名：
Effects of Reduced Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Rice Growth and Yield in Rice-Fish Mode
作 者：
ZHOU Xiao-feng;DUAN Hong-xia;XIA Gui-long;JIN Jian-kang;Dengjiabu Foundation Seed Station of Jiangxi Province;
关键词：
rice-fish mode;;reduced nitrogen fertilizer application;;rice yield;;apparent nitrogen balance
摘 要：
In order to clarify the effects of reduction rates of nitrogen fertilizer application in rice-fish culture mode on rice growth and yield,the field experiment was set CK (conventional amount of nitrogen fertilizer:225 kg/hm~2),T_1 (nitrogen fertilizer:191.25 kg/hm~2,decreased by 15%),T_2 (nitrogen fertilizer:157.50 kg/hm~2,decreased by 30%) and T_3 (nitrogen fertilizer:112.50 kg/hm~2,decreased by 50%).Then,the SPAD values (Soil and Plant Analyzer Development) at full heading stage,grain yield,and nitrogen apparent balance of different treatments were analyzed.The results showed that compared with CK,T_3 decreased grain yield,and the SPAD value of flag leaf at full heading stage by 7.69% and 15.39%,respectively,T_1 and T_2 did not reduce significantly.The nitrogen apparent balance among all treatments were surplus,but T_3 produced the lowest surplus.Furthermore,the slope of the fitting equation indicated that the apparent nitrogen balance could be decreased by 2.54 kg/hm~2 when the nitrogen partial factor productivity was increased by 1 kg/kg.Therefore,in the rice-fish mode,a high yield could be maintained though the nitrogen rate is reduced by 15%-30%,and the nitrogen surplus will be significantly reduced.Meanwhile,improving nitrogen partial factor productivity could help to reduce nitrogen surplus.
