作 者：
蒲小明;陈锐明;周松丁;黄爱玲;路征;张景欣;沈会芳;林壁润
单 位：
广州市花都区农业技术管理中心;惠州市惠阳区农业环保与农村能源站;广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室;中国烟草总公司广东省公司;博罗县福田镇农业办公室
关键词：
电动喷雾器;手动喷雾器;诱惑红;吡蚜酮;氯虫苯甲酰胺;春雷霉素;农药利用率;雾滴
摘 要：
【目的】比较手动和电动喷雾器在水稻上喷施3种农药的有效利用率及药液雾滴分布效果。【方法】在惠州市惠阳区两个镇和博罗县两个镇开展晚稻农药利用率小区试验,供试药剂为50%吡蚜酮水分散粒剂、5%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂和2%春雷霉素水剂,农药药液加入诱惑红示踪剂,采用五点取样法、雾滴卡和分光光度计(501 nm)等方法和仪器。【结果】电动喷雾器喷施吡蚜酮、氯虫苯甲酰胺和春雷霉素3种药液的农药利用率分别为39.43%、38.03%和38.98%,而手动喷雾器处理的农药利用率分别为29.02%、28.08%和28.50%,电动喷雾器处理比手动喷雾处理分别提高10.41、9.95、10.93个百分点,且电动喷雾器处理的农药利用率均显著高于手动喷雾器处理。雾滴沉积分布试验结果表明:手动和电动喷雾器处理雾滴沉积量在水稻均是自上而下逐渐递减,且水稻不同层间雾滴沉积量差异显著。雾滴粒径分析结果表明:手动喷雾器处理在水稻中层和下层的雾滴粒径均显著大于电动喷雾器处理。雾滴数量分析结果表明:电动喷雾器处理在水稻中层和下层雾滴数量均高于手动喷雾器处理,且下层雾滴数量达到差异显著水平。【结论】电动喷雾器在广东省晚造水稻抽穗期喷施3种药剂的农药利用率均大于38%,比手动喷雾器处理提高9.95～10.41个百分点,且电动喷雾器比手动喷雾器的雾化效果更优。
译 名：
Comparison of Utilization Rates and Droplets Distribution of Pesticides Sprayed by Electric and Manual Sprayers in Rice Fields
作 者：
PU Xiaoming;CHEN Ruiming;ZHOU Songding;HUANG Ailing;LU Zheng;ZHANG Jingxing;SHEN Huifang;LIN Birun;Institute of Plant Protection, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technique for Plant Protection;Agricultural Environmental Protection and Rural Energy Station,Huiyang District, Huizhou;Agricultural Office of Futian Town,Boluo County;Agricultural Technology Management Center of Huadu District,Guangzhou;Guangdong Branch of China Tobacco Corporation;
关键词：
electric sprayer;;manual sprayer;;allura red;;pymetrozine;;chlorobenzamide;;kasugamycin;;pesticide utilization rate;;droplet
摘 要：
【Objective】The effective utilization rates and droplets distribution effects of three pesticides sprayed on rice by manual sprayer and electric sprayer were compared.【Method】The plot experiments were carried out on pesticide utilization rate of late rice in two towns of Huiyang District and two towns of Boluo County of Guangdong Province.The tested pesticides included 50% pymetrozine water dispersible granule (WDG),5% chlorpromazide suspension concentrate (SC) and 2% kasugamycin aqueous solutions (AS),and the allura red tracers were added into the pesticide diluents.Five point sampling method,droplet cards and spectrophotometer (501nm) were used in the research.【Results】The utilization rates of pymetrozine,chlorobenzamide and kasugamycin on rice sprayed by electric sprayers were 39.43%,38.03% and 38.98%,respectively;while the rates by manual sprayers were 29.02%,28.08% and 28.50%,respectively.Compared with those of the manual sprayer treatment,the effective deposition rates of three pesticides sprayed by the electric sprayer increased by 10.41,9.95 and 10.93 percentage points,respectively.Moreover,the effective deposition rates of the electric sprayer treatments were significantly higher than those of the manual spray treatments.The results of droplets deposition distribution assay indicated that,both of manual and electric sprayer treatments decreased gradually from top to bottom,and droplet deposition of different layers showed significant differences.The results of droplets diameter showed that,the droplets diameters of middle and lower layers on rice under the manual sprayer treatments were significantly higher than those of the electric sprayer treatments.The results of droplets quantity indicated that,the electric sprayer treatments showed a downward trend from bottom to top,and the droplet quantities of the electric sprayer treatments were also higher than those of the manual sprayer treatments.【Conclusion】The effective utilization rates of three pesticides sprayed by electric sprayers were higher than 38% at the heading stage of late rice in Guangdong Province,which were 9.95-10.41 percentage points higher than those of manual sprayer treatments.And the atomization effect of electric sprayer was better than that of manual sprayer.
