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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 袋控肥对苹果土壤Nmin及~(15)N-氮素吸收利用和损失的影响 水土保持学报 2017,31 (2) 267-271
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Bag-controlled Release Fertilizer on Soil Mineral Nitrogen and ~(15)N-Urea Absorption,Utilization and Loss of Fuji Apple Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 2017,31 (2) 267-271

袋控肥对苹果土壤Nmin及~(15)N-氮素吸收利用和损失的影响

作  者：
沙建川;葛顺峰;陈建明;丰艳广;姜远茂
单  位：
山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院作物生物学国家重点实验室
关键词：
苹果;袋控缓释肥;~(15)N-尿素;Nmin;氮素吸收;氮素损失
摘  要：
为了寻求改善果园土壤氮素稳定供应问题的有效措施,试验以6年生烟富3/SH6/平邑甜茶为试材,利用~(15)N同位素标记,研究FSA(撒施)、FS+BC(一半撒施一半袋控)、BCRF(袋控缓释肥)对土壤Nmin及氮素吸收、利用和损失的影响。结果表明:在苹果整个生长季BCRF处理土壤Nmin含量保持平稳,FSA处理短期内土壤Nmin含量迅速升高,然后又急剧降低。在果实成熟期植株体内氮素BCRF处理(121.64g)高于FSA处理(79.01g),略高于FS+BC处理(95.92g)。不同施肥处理各器官Ndff差异显著,均以果实中的Ndff最高,各器官的Ndff均以BCRF处理最高,FS+BC处理次之,FSA处理最低。BCRF处理显著提高了苹果植株氮素利用率,分别为FSA和FS+BC处理的1.82倍和1.32倍,而~(15)N损失率为36.23%,显著低于FSA处理(57.44%)和FS+BC处理(51.16%),BCRF处理~(15)N主要残留在土壤上层(0—40cm),向深层土壤淋溶损失明显降低。可见,BCRF处理能够保证土壤氮素的稳定供应,提高氮肥利用率,降低氮肥损失。
译  名：
Effects of Bag-controlled Release Fertilizer on Soil Mineral Nitrogen and ~(15)N-Urea Absorption,Utilization and Loss of Fuji Apple
作  者：
SHA Jianchuan;GE Shunfeng;CHEN Jianming;FENG Yanguang;JIANG Yuanmao;College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology;
关键词：
apple;;bag-controlled release fertilizer;;~(15)N-urea;;Nmin;;N absorption;;N loss
摘  要：
In order to explore the effective measures that could improve the stable supply of nitrogen in orchard soil,six-year-old'Yanfu3'/SH6/Malus hupehensis Rehd.and~(15)N isotope labelling technique were used to explore the effects of FSA(furrow applicator fertilizer),FS+BC(half applicator and half bagcontrolled release fertilizer,BCRF(bag-controlled release fertilizer)on soil mineral nitrogen and ~(15)N-urea absorption,utilization and loss of Fuji apple.The main results were as follows:Soil mineral nitrogen content provided by BCRF treatment stably throughout the growing season,soil mineral nitrogen content provided by FSA treatment increased rapidly in the short term,and then decreased sharply.At the fruit maturity stage,nitrogen content in the plant of the BCRF treatment(121.64g)was higher than that in the FSA treatment(79.01g),and slightly higher than that in the FS+BC treatment(95.92g).Ndff in different organs was significantly affected by different fertilizer treatments,and the Ndff of fruits was the highest.Ndff in different organs was the highest in the BCRF treatment,followed by the FS+BC treatment,and the lowest in the FSA treatment.The BCRF treatment increased N use efficiency significantly,which was 1.82 and 1.32 times as high as that of the FSA treatment and FS+BC treatment.~(15)N loss rate in the BCRF treatment was 36.23%,which was obviously lower than that in the FSA treatment(57.44%)and FS+BC treatment(51.16%).~(15)N residue in the soil of the BCRF treatment mainly concentrated in the upper soil layer(0-40cm),deep soil leaching and losses decreased.The results suggested that the BCRF treatment was beneficial to ensure a stable supply of soil nitrogen,improved nitrogen use efficiency and reduced nitrogen loss.

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