单 位：
陕西省汉西林业局;陕西理工学院生物科学与工程学院
摘 要：
[目的]对华细辛自发自交传粉机制进行研究。[方法]通过野外观察和栽培条件下人工控制试验,对细辛属华细辛的整个开花过程进行了详细的观察,对其传粉机制进行研究。[结果]华细辛是一种以自发自交为主要传粉方式的物种。其花雌性先熟,单花期一般为3～4 d,第1天为雌性期,柱头可以接受外来花粉,雄蕊花丝呈90°下弯,花药不开裂;第2及第3天,两轮雄蕊依次上举,花药依次开裂,并与柱头发生自然接触,完成自发自交传粉。人工自交和异交试验证明,华细辛的异交均是可育的,结实率均达到100%。去雄套袋试验表明华细辛不能单性结实,也没有无融合生殖现象。[结论]华细辛是杜衡亚属植物,但是其传粉机制与细辛亚属植物很相似。
译 名：
Study on Spontaneous Self-pollination Mechanism of Asarum sieboldii
作 者：
WANG Yong et al(School of Biological Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723000)
关键词：
A.sieboldii,pollination mechanism
摘 要：
[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate spontaneous self-pollination mechanism of A.sieboldii.[Method] Through field observation and manual controlling test under the cultivated condition,the whole flowering process of A.sieboldii belonging to Asarum subgenus Heterotropa was thoroughly observed to investigate its pollination mechanism.[Result] Asarum sieboldii is a kind of species dominated by spontaneous self-pollination.Its female flower became mature firstly,and the duration of single flower ranged from 3 to 4 d.The first day was female phase duration,and the stigmas could receive foreign pollen,while stamen filaments bent down towards the base of calyx tube with 90°,and anther had no crack.During the following 2 days,two cycles of stamens erected subsequently,while anthers became dehiscent and naturally contacted with stigma at the same time,so spontaneous self-pollination was finished.Artificial self-pollination and out-crossing test had proved that the out-crossing of A.sieboldii were all fertile with seed setting rate of 100%.Emasculation by bagging test had suggested that A.sieboldii had no parthenocarpy and apomixes.[Conclusion] A.sieboldii belongs to subgenus Heterotropa,but its pollination mechanism is similar to that of subgenus Asarum.
