作 者：
杨护;邝瑞彬;杨敏;周陈平;黄炳雄;徐少峰;魏岳荣
单 位：
广东省农业科学院果树研究所·农业部南亚热带果树生物学及遗传资源利用重点实验室·广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室
摘 要：
‘青粉1号’粉蕉是以‘中粉1号’粉蕉为亲本材料,通过其组培苗无性系后代芽变选种获得的粉蕉新品种。2019年3月通过国家农业农村部品种登记(GPD香蕉(2019)440003)。该品种植株高大粗壮,假茎颜色呈黄绿色,无褐斑,假茎高度约为412.2 cm,叶姿开张。果穗呈长圆柱形,结构紧凑,果穗长度为72.5 cm,围度(周长)为128.3 cm,果穗8梳的总果数约为145个,通常每梳均为18个果指,梳形美观,无歪把现象,大小均匀,商品率高。成熟果皮深黄色,无裂果现象,果肉主要为乳白色,肉质软滑,味浓甜,品质优良,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为28.0%,可滴定酸含量为0.33%,可溶性糖含量为23.1%,还原糖含量为22.3%,维生素C含量为13.2 mg·100 g~(-1),可食率为75.6%。新植蕉生长周期14～15个月,平均株产约30.5 kg,666.7 m~2产量约为3 500 kg。该品种抗叶斑病、束顶病和黑星病,但易感香蕉镰刀菌枯萎病1号生理小种,适宜在广东及气候类似的热带和南亚热带无枯萎病新区推广种植。
译 名：
Breeding of a new Pisang Awak variety ‘Qingfen No.1’ with good quality and high yield
作 者：
YANG Hu;KUANG Ruibin;YANG Min;ZHOU Chenping;HUANG Bingxiong;XU Shaofeng;WEI Yuerong;Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization (MOA)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratary of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research;
关键词：
Pisang Awak;;New cultivar;;‘Qingfen No.1’;;High yield;;Good quality
摘 要：
‘Qingfen No. 1’(Musa spp. ABB group) is a new Pisang Awak variety of banana, which was achieved by mutation breeding strategy from the parental variety‘Zhongfen No. 1’, based on somaclonal variation for superior agronomic traits in tissue culture plantlets. The new variety was initially selected in the year of 2010, when an individual plant derived from‘Zhongfen No.1’tissue culture plantlets, was supposed to be a variant. The variant plant exhibited more robust pseudostem, yellowgreen leaf sheath and spreading leaf habit in field, which was apparently different from its parental variety‘Zhongfen No. 1’(purplish-red leaf sheath). Afterwards, the suckers of this potential superior variant were maintained and used for in vitro micropropagation, which then rapidly produced large scale tissue culture plantlets for further investigation. After two consecutive years observation of biological characteristics in the field from 2011 to 2012, the distinctiveness of the color on leaf sheath was stable and could be one of the inherited traits on the variant. The comparative evaluation in multi-positions i.e.,Guangzhou, Zhongshan, and Huizhou, was carried out during the years of 2013 to 2015, to confirm the distinctiveness between the variant and the parental variety‘Zhongfen No. 1’. We subsequently performed a productive evaluation for yield from the years of 2015 to 2017 in multiple banana production regions i.e., in Huizhou, Jiangmen, Zengcheng and others. From the overall field evaluation results, this superior variant is a robust variety with tall height(412.2 cm), long and cylindrical bunch(72.5 cm in length and 128.3 cm in circumference), uniform hands with straight fingers(on average, 8 hands per bunch with 18 fingers per hand, thus 145 fingers in total), constituting its high commercial value traits for banana production. The pulp color at maturity is creamy white, the edible part is 75.6% of the entire fruit, the taste is sweet-smelling, with the determined fruit quality parameters, i.e., TSS(28.0%), TA(0.33%), SS(23.1%), RS(22.3%), Vc(13.2 mg·100 g~(-1)). Moreover, the production period of the variant is around 14-15 months for the first cycle, the average bunch weight is 30.5 kg, so that the yield for 666.7 m~2 is approximately 3 500 kg. Besides, this variant has high resistance to leaf spot disease, bunch top virus disease and black freckle disease, however it is susceptible to Fusarium wilt race 1. It was concluded that, this variant is a potential superior variety for banana production extension in Fusarium-free soil land, in Guangdong province or in similar ecological condition from tropical and subtropical areas.Hence, the variant has been registered as‘Qingfen No.1’in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,PRC.
