单 位：
东北林业大学林学院;东北林业大学北京师范大学;吉林省敦化林业局;东北林业大学
关键词：
透光抚育;栽针保阔红松林;群落结构;凋落物;蓄积量
摘 要：
[目的]为加快阔叶红松林恢复,完善"栽针保阔"恢复理论体系,并为阔叶红松林恢复实践提供科学依据。[方法]运用采伐试验方法,研究上层透光抚育(对照-栽针未采伐、轻度采伐-25%、中度采伐-50%、强度采伐-75%、皆伐-100%,采伐强度是指蓄积比例)对长白山中期(33年)"栽针保阔"红松林群落结构、群落蓄积量及凋落物的影响规律。[结果]①随着择伐强度增大,红松的重要值逐渐上升(0.364%~0.732%),红松在群落中的优势地位逐渐上升,而阔叶树种重要值却不断下降。②轻、中度择伐较对照凋落物量(6.11±0.42~7.45±0.79 t/hm2)显著提高了8.6%和13.7%(P<0.05),强度择伐和皆伐降低1.2%和6.7%,但仅皆伐降低显著(P<0.05);对于凋落物碳储量,中度择伐使其凋落物碳储量(2.13±0.39~2.82±0.37 t/hm2)较对照提高19.5%(P<0.05),皆伐使其降低9.8%(P<0.05)。③皆伐、强度择伐、中度择伐和轻度择伐蓄积量(221.2~260.6 m3/hm2)较对照群落分别提高了26.9%、19.5%、15.9%和7.7%,且均与对照之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。而对于红松蓄积量(36.6~184.4 m3/hm2),皆伐、强度择伐、中度择伐、轻度择伐依次较照样地提高了5.0、4.1、2.8、1.9倍,且均与对照有显著差异(P<0.05)。[结论]从促进林分稳定性、维持凋落碳储量及提高森林的生态效益综合考虑,采伐强度应以中低度透光方式为宜。
译 名：
Effects of Liberation Felling on Structure and Litter of the Korean Pine Forests by Planting Conifer and Reserving Broad-leaved Trees in Changbai Mountains of China
作 者：
ZHANG Xiao-liang;Northeast Forestry University;
关键词：
Crown thinning;;Korean pine forests formed by planting conifer and protecting broad-leaved species;;Community structure;;Lit-ter;;Stand volume
摘 要：
[Objective] In order to accelerate broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forests restoration,consummate the restoration of theoretical system about Korean pine forest by planting conifer and reserving broad-leaved tree,provide scientific basis for broad-leaved Korean pine forests restoration practice. [Method]The effects of liberation cutting on community structure,litter biomass and stock volume from the mid-term( 33-year-old) Korean pine forest restored by an approach of planting conifer and reserving broad-leaved tree was studied by using crown thinning control test method in Changbai Mountains of China. Five levels of cutting intensities were taken,which were no cutting-control,lowintensity selective cutting- 25%,moderate-intensity selective cutting- 50% and heavy-intensity selective cutting- 75%,clear cutting-100%( cutting intensity refer to the ratio of stock volume). [Result] ①Important Value of Korean pine increased graduall( 0. 364- 0. 732) along with the increasing of crown thinning and the predominant position of Korean Pine increased gradually,but Important Value of broad-leaf species decreased gradually. ②Compared to CK,low-intensity selective cutting and moderate-intensity selective cutting made the Litter biomass( 6. 11 ± 0. 42- 7. 45 ± 0. 79 t / hm2) increase by 8.6% and 13.7%( P <0.05),while heavy-intensity selective cutting and clear cutting made it decrease by 1. 2% and 6. 7% respectively,and clear cutting had significant difference. For the litter carbon storage,Moderateintensity selective cutting made the litter carbon storage( 2. 13 ± 0. 39- 2. 82 ± 0. 37 t / hm2) increase by 19.5% than that of CK( P <0.05), while clear cutting reduced it by 9. 8%( P < 0. 05). ③Compared to CK,low-intensity selective cutting,moderate-intensity selective cutting, heavy-intensity selective cutting and clear cutting made Stock volume( 221. 2- 260. 6 m3/ hm2) increase by 26. 9%,19. 5%,15.9% and 7. 7% respectively( P < 0. 05). For Korean pine volume( 36. 6- 184. 4 m3/ hm2),low-intensity selective cutting,moderate-intensity selective cutting,heavy-intensity selective cutting and clear cutting made Korean pine volume increase by 5. 0,4. 1,2. 8,1. 9 times than that of CK respectively( P < 0. 05). [Conclusion] So low-intensity selective cutting and moderate-intensity selective cutting should be adopted to accelerate the stand stability,maintain litter carbon storage and promote forest ecological benefits for this kind of Korean pine forest.
