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Position: Home > Articles > Rangeland tenure and rangeland ecological and environmental protection Grassland and Turf 2005 (6) 14-18

草原产权与草原生态环境保护

作  者：
盖志毅
单  位：
内蒙古农业大学经济管理学院
关键词：
草原;产权;草原生态环境保护;牧民;经济利益
摘  要：
我国的草原生态环境出现了严重的退化和破坏。其中,草原产权不明晰是一重要原因。通过探讨明晰草原产权对保护草原生态环境的4个机制,表明在明晰草原产权的条件下,可以形成:1.牧民自主保护草原生态环境的机制,做到政府想做而不易做的事;2.牧民集体的经济利益保护机制,排他性的产权可以使非集体经济成员不能占用草原,抑制官权在草原的“寻租”行为,有效的建立起草原资源市场;3.牧民集体内部的经济利益协调机制,我国牧区目前对承包合同执行得不够严格,使用权落实不利,应科学合理的进行草原的发包;4.利益主体的政治参与和对政府决策的纠错机制,明晰草原产权是形成利益主体政治参与的基础,同时,牧民也有能力参与社区环境保护决策。
译  名：
Rangeland tenure and rangeland ecological and environmental protection
作  者：
GAI Zhi-yi(College of Economic Management Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Huhhot 010018,China)
关键词：
rangeland;tenure;ecological and environmental protection;herdsman;economic benefit
摘  要：
The ecological environment of grassland in China is deteriorating seriously and the unclear grassland tenure system is an important cause.The roles of clear grassland tenure for protecting ecological environment of grassland are discussed as follows:based on the formation of the clear grassland tenure system,1) the herdsman's initiative mechanism of protecting ecological environment of grassland can be formed and do the things that the government desire to do but uneasy to do;2) the mechanism for protecting the economic benefit of community can be established,and the exclusive property rights can avoid the members out of the community to possess the grassland,and meanwhile,the official privilege's action of "rent seeking" in grassland can be controlled and the market system of the grassland resource utilization can be effectively set up;3) the mechanism for coordinating economic profit among the community members can be formed as well.At present,the grassland contract system is not severely carried out in the pastoral area,and the usage right of grassland is not totally put into effect.So we must establish the rational grassland contract system;4) the political participance of steak holders and the correcting system of government can be improved,the clear tenure grassland system would build up the basis for herdsman to participate the policy making and community's environment protecting.

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