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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 适宜戈壁荒漠地区的番茄栽培基质 江苏农业学报 2013,29 (6) 1333-1338
Position: Home > Articles > Artificial substrate for tomato growth in Gobi desert Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2013,29 (6) 1333-1338

适宜戈壁荒漠地区的番茄栽培基质

作  者：
王永和;韦中;郁洁;徐阳春
单  位：
江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所;盐城生物工程高等职业技术学校;南京农业大学资源与环境学院
关键词：
戈壁滩;人工基质;堆肥;番茄
摘  要：
人工基质代替土壤是戈壁荒漠等环境较为恶劣地区发展高效农业的重要保障。为筛选适合戈壁荒漠地区番茄栽培基质,选用4种堆肥与黄沙以不同质量比混匀配制人工基质,在温室条件下研究人工基质对番茄生长的影响。结果表明,4种基质中蘑菇渣堆肥基质效果最好,牛粪堆肥基质和中药渣堆肥基质次之,醋糟堆肥基质效果最差。同一基质中堆肥与黄沙的配比越高越不利于番茄生长。蘑菇渣堆肥与黄沙以1∶5比例混合最有利于番茄的生长,其株高,地上部干重,氮、磷、钾累积量分别比对照提高52.5%,228.0%,226.0%、811.0%和650.0%。基质pH在5.0~7.0之间时与番茄成活率、株高、地上部干重以及氮、钾累积量呈显著正相关。
译  名：
Artificial substrate for tomato growth in Gobi desert
作  者：
WANG Yong-he;WEI Zhong;YU Jie;XU Yang-chun;Yancheng Biological Engineering Higher Vocational Technology School;College of Resources and Environmental Science,Nanjing Agricultural University;Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences;
关键词：
Gobi desert;;artificial growing substrate;;compost;;tomato
摘  要：
Artificial growing substrate is crucial to develop high-efficiency agriculture in Gobi desert,since fertile soil is limited.In this study,four kinds of composts,cow dung compost,mushroom residue compost,herb residues compost,vinegar residues compost,were chosen and mixed with sand in different ratios(1∶9,1∶5,3∶10 and 2∶5 in w/w) to develop varieties of artificial growing substrates.Plot experiment was carried out in green house to select the suitable substrate for tomato growth.The results were listed as follows.Mushroom residues substrate was the most suitable one,followed by cow dung substrate and herb residues substrate,and the vinegar residues substrate was the worst.The higher the ratio of compost to sand,the worse the tomato grew.Mushroom residues compost mixed with sand in the ratio 1∶5 was the most suitable for tomato growth.Compared with control(sand only),artificial substrates improved plant height,dry weight and total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium accumulations of tomato by 52.5%,228.0%,226.0%,811.0% and 650.0%,respectively.pH values ranging from 5.0 to 7.0 were positively correlated with survival rate,plant height,dry weight and total nitrogen and potassium accumulations.

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