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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 深松(耕)时期与方式对砂姜黑土耕层改良及其冬小麦物质积累和养分吸收的影响 河南农业大学学报 2020 (3) 392-399+429
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of time and pattern of deep tillage (subsoiling) on topsoil improvement, biomass accumulation and nutrient absorption of winter wheat in lime concretion black soil Journal of Henan Agricultural University 2020 (3) 392-399+429

深松(耕)时期与方式对砂姜黑土耕层改良及其冬小麦物质积累和养分吸收的影响

作  者：
刘卫玲;程思贤;吴健;李娜;杨丽;王红梅;赵亚丽;李潮海
单  位：
中国农业科学院棉花研究所;河南农业大学农学院;杞县农业农村局
关键词：
冬小麦;耕作时期;耕作方式;土壤孔隙;土壤呼吸速率;养分积累量;产量
摘  要：
为探明深松(耕)时期与方式对砂姜黑土耕层改良、冬小麦物质积累和养分吸收的影响,设置5个周年定位处理,即秋季旋耕+夏季免耕(ART+SNT,对照)、秋季深松+夏季免耕(ASS+SNT)、秋季深耕+夏季免耕(ADMP+SNT)、秋季深耕+夏季下位深松(ADMP+SSSS)和秋季深耕+夏季侧位深松(ADMP+SSSL),研究深松(耕)时期与方式对砂姜黑土土壤孔隙、土壤含水量、土壤呼吸速率、干物质积累、植株氮磷钾积累和产量的影响。结果表明,深松(耕)可以改善土壤孔隙特性,增加土壤孔隙度、孔隙体积和大孔隙数量。而秋季深耕+夏季深松对土壤耕层改良的效果优于单一秋季深松(耕),其冬小麦物质积累、养分吸收和产量均高于秋季深松(耕)+夏季免耕。5个处理中,以秋季深耕+夏季侧位深松对土壤耕层的改良效果最好,植株干物质积累量、养分积累量和产量最高。与秋季旋耕+夏季免耕相比,秋季深耕+夏季侧位深松土壤含水量和土壤呼吸速率分别增加11.3%和35.4%,冬小麦干物质积累量、植株氮磷钾积累分别增加28.2%,62.3%,67.8%和63.8%,产量提高27.8%。因此,秋季深耕+夏季侧位深松是砂姜黑土区适宜的土壤耕作制度。
译  名：
Effects of time and pattern of deep tillage (subsoiling) on topsoil improvement, biomass accumulation and nutrient absorption of winter wheat in lime concretion black soil
作  者：
LIU Weiling;CHENG Sixian;WU Jian;LI Na;YANG Li;WANG Hongmei;ZHAO Yali;LI Chaohai;College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University;Qixian County Agricultural Bureaul;Cotton Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;
关键词：
winter wheat;;tillage time;;tillage pattern;;soil porosity;;soil respiration rate;;nutrient absorption;;yield
摘  要：
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of deep tillage time and pattern on topsoil improvement, biomass accumulation and nutrient absorption of winter wheat in lime concretion black soil. Five treatments, namely, rotary tillage in autumn combined with no-tillage in summer(ART+SNT, CK), subsoiling in autumn combined with no-tillage in summer(ASS+SNT), deep ploughing in autumn combined with no-tillage in summer(ADMP+SNT), deep ploughing in autumn combined with sublevel subsoiling in summer(ADMP+SSSS), deep ploughing in autumn combined with lateral subsoiling in summer(ADMP+SSSL), were carried out to investigate the effect of the time and pattern of deep tillage on soil porosity, soil water content, soil respiration rate, dry matter accumulation, nutrient absorption and yield of winter wheat. The results showed that, deep tillage could improve soil pore characteristics, increase soil porosity, pore volume and the number of macropores. Moreover, the improvement effect of deep tillage in autumn combined with subsoiling in summer on soil properties were better than those of the single deep tillage in autumn. The dry matter accumulation, nutrient absorption and yield of winter wheat of deep tillage in autumn combined with subsoiling in summer were all higher than those of the deep tillage in autumn combined with no-tillage in summer. In the five treatments, the improvement effects of ADMP+SSSL treatment on the topsoil was the best, and the plant dry matter accumulation, nutrient accumulation and yield of winter wheat were the highest. Compared with those of the ART+SNT treatment, the soil water content and soil respiration rate of ADMP+SSSL increased by 11.3% and 35.4%, respectively. The dry matter accumulation, nitrogen accumulation, phosphorus accumulation, potassium accumulation and yield of winter wheat under ADMP+SSSL treatment increased by 28.2%, 62.3%, 67.8%, 63.8% and 27.8%, respectively. Thus, the deep ploughing in autumn combined with lateral subsoiling in summer was the suitable pattern of deep tillage in lime concretion black soil.

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