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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 牙鲆早期发育阶段的摄食节律 水产学报 2006,30 (3) 329-334
Position: Home > Articles > A study on feeding rhythm of Paralichthys olivaceus during early developmental stage Journal of Fisheries of China 2006,30 (3) 329-334

牙鲆早期发育阶段的摄食节律

作  者：
林利民;李益云;万瑞景;庄志猛
单  位：
集美大学水产学院;中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所
关键词：
牙鲆;仔、稚、幼鱼;摄食节律;摄食率
摘  要：
实验对人工饲养条件下牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)早期发育阶段摄食节律进行研究。在水温14.4~17.6℃条件下,初孵仔鱼约经5~6d开口摄食,开口饵料为经120目筛网过滤的褶皱臂尾轮虫(Bruchionus plicatilis),17~20d投喂卤虫无节幼体(Artemianauplii),21d后开始投喂桡足类(Copepoda)直至幼鱼阶段。通过对1 090尾仔、稚、幼鱼的测定、统计结果得出:饵料充足时饱食个体占65.8%,日间摄食率达93.7%,10日龄后[全长大于(5.20±0.24)mm],牙鲆日间的摄食率达100%,空胃个体主要出现在10日龄前。仔、稚鱼在早晨8:00和下午16:00出现两个摄食高峰,夜间基本不摄食。幼鱼夜间摄食则比较活跃,摄食量与仔、稚鱼相比明显增加,下午16:00仍为幼鱼摄食高峰。实验结果表明,牙鲆仔、稚、幼鱼具有明显的摄食节律,呈现白天摄食为主,清晨和黄昏双高峰的特点。
译  名：
A study on feeding rhythm of Paralichthys olivaceus during early developmental stage
作  者：
LIN Li-min~1,LI Yi-yun~1,WAN Rui-jing~2,ZHUANG Zhi-meng~2(1.Fisheries College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;2.Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)
关键词：
Paralichthys olivaceu;larvae;juvenile fish;feeding rhythms;feeding incidence
摘  要：
The Japanese flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus,an important marine finfish cultured in China,has shown a rapid increase since 1990's as a result of success in the technique for mass propagation of juvenile fish at the end of 1970's.It has been clearly demonstrated that Japanese flounder larvae have two peaks of mortality occurred at the onset of exogenous feeding and juvenile stage,respectively.The survival of fish at the two critical stages seems to be a very important constraint in larviculture.In the present study,daily feeding rhythms of Japanese flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus were investigated during the early developmental stage for understanding the change of feeding intensity during day and night and consequently providing necessary information for determining ration and feeding frequency at two critical stages of artificial seedling.The Japanese flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus at age of 7,9,16,20,33,44,and 51 days were randomly sampled every 4 h interval from 8:00 a.m.to next 8:00 a.m.from 45 m~3 concrete rearing tank for feeding intensity examination,respectively.10-20 fish were sampled at each time in duplicates.In the meanwhile,the water temperature and food density were measured.The larval Japanese flounder at the onset of exogenous feeding(5 or 6 days post hatching at water temperature of 14.4-17.6 ℃) were fed Bruchionus plicatilis screened through a 120 mesh/inch plankton net,followed by Artemia nauplii from 17 to 20 days post hatching and then they were switched to Copepoda until the end of the experiment as the larvae grew.It was found that larvae had a high feeding incidence of 93.7% and 65.8% of those with full gut when enough foods were available.Larvae showed a feeding incidence of 100% after 10 days post hatching [Total Length >(5.20±0.24) mm] and appeared double feeding peaks at 8:00 a.m.and 4:00 p.m.in the daytime,respectively,while young fish(51 days post hatching)fed relatively active at night and showed markedly higher foods consumption compared with those larvae and juvenile fish and also showed a feeding peak at 4:00 p.m.These results indicated that feeding rhythms of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus larvae and juvenile belong to diurnal feeding type with double feeding peaks occurred at dawn and dusk,respectively.

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