单 位：
新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆维吾尔自治区草地资源与生态重点实验室
关键词：
净生态系统交换量;生态系统呼吸;蒸散量;山地草甸;豆禾混播草地
摘 要：
2014年4~10月采用静态箱法对新疆昭苏盆地围封3年的人工草地(LG)和天然草地(NG)的生物量、CO_2净生态系统交换量(NEE)、蒸散量(ET)、生态系统呼吸(ER)进行了观测,结果表明:(1)退化山地草甸翻耕重建能有效提高草地的地上生物量。(2)NG年平均NEE要小于LG,全年平均蒸散量NG>LG。NG的碳、水(NEE和ET)之间存在极显著相关关系(P<0.01),而LG相关性不显著。(3)两种草地的NEE与大气温度、土壤温度和土壤含水量之间呈线性负相关关系,与空气湿度呈线性正相关关系,其中LG和NG的NEE与土壤含水量的线性关系均达显著水平。指数模型能够较好地模拟ER对土壤温度变化的响应,天然草地ER的温度敏感系数(Q10值)大于人工草地。天然草地翻耕重建成人工草地,草地CO_2净生态系统交换量虽有所升高,但蒸散量降低且同时降低了对温度变化的敏感性,提高了水分利用效率和草地生产力。
译 名：
Effects of Plowing and Sowing on Carbon and Water Fluxes in Mountain Meadow in Zhaosu Basin
作 者：
WANG Xiang;ZHENG Wei;ZHU Ya-qiong;GUAN Zheng-xuan;TANG Gao-rong;College of Pratacultural and Environmental Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology;
关键词：
Net ecosystem exchange;;Ecosystem respiration;;Evapotranspiration;;Mountain meadow;;Legume-grass mixtures
摘 要：
The static chamber method was used to observe and measure CO_2 net ecosystem exchange(NEE)and evapotranspiration flux(ET)in natural mountain meadow and plowed-sowed mountain meadow(legume-grass mixtures)which were enclosed for 3years(2011~2014)during the period from April to October 2014.The study plots was located in Horse Farm of Zhaosu,Xinjiang and the field observation was last for seven months.The results showed that:1)The annual average NEE in natural mountain meadow was lower than legume-grass mixtures,with a mean of 0.099μmol/m~2·s and 0.263μmol/m~2·s respectively.The annual average ET and water use efficiency(WUE)were 0.145nmolH_2O/m~2·s,0.222nmolH_2O/m~2·s and 19.87μmol/nmol,14.41μmol/nmol respectively.They were no significant difference between legume-grass mixtures and natural mountain meadow.2)There were significant correlation relationship in NEE and ET between carbon flux and water flux in natural mountain meadow(P<0.01).3)There were linear and negative correlations between NEE and atmospheric temperature(Ts),the soil temperature and soil water content(SWC),and there was a linear and positive correlation between NEE and air humidity.Especially,the negative correlation between NEE and SWC was significant in legume-grass mixtures(P<0.05),the negative correlation between NEE and SWC was significant in natural mountain meadow(P<0.01).The correlation relationship between ER and Ts was significant(P<0.01),and the exponential model could simulate the response of ER to soil temperature changes.The temperature sensibility coefficient(Q10)values of ER ranked in the order:natural mountain meadow(4.362)>legume-grass mixtures(3.370).Therefore,plowing and sowing(legume-grass mixtures)would not improve effectively hydrothermal conditions of grassland ecosystem,but it could reduce dependence on water,improve WUE,decrease carbon emission from grassland ecosystem,and improve the forage production capacity.
