关键词：
南海北部;灯光罩网;渔获物组成;渔获率;时空分布
摘 要：
根据2015年南海北部深海区春季和秋季灯光罩网探捕数据,对南海北部深海区灯光罩网渔获物组成、优势种叉长(胴长)分布及其渔获率分布等进行了分析。结果显示:本次调查共渔获92种,隶属于15目44科,其中春季40种,秋季72种,两季共有种类20种;优势种(相对重要性指数IRI≥1000)春、秋两季均为鸢乌贼(Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis)和圆舵鲣(Auxis tapeinosoma);重要种(1000> IRI≥100)春季为日本乌鲂(Brama japonica)和鳞首方头鲳(Cubiceps squamicepoides),秋季仅日本乌鲂一种;常见种(100> IRI≥10)春季为扁舵鲣(Auxis thazard)、长体圆鲹(Decapterus macrosoma)和菱鳍乌贼(Thysanoteuthis rhombus),秋季为白点叉鼻鲀(Arothron meleagris)和黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacora)。优势种鸢乌贼胴长分布和圆舵鲣叉长分布春、秋两季均存在较大差异,鸢乌贼胴长分布春季相对偏大,而圆舵鲣则秋季相对偏大;渔获率春秋两季差异较大,春季渔获率平均为460. 73kg·h~(-1),秋季平均为152. 45 kg·h~(-1),春季除C20站外,渔获率较高的站位主要集中于邻近菲律宾站位,秋季则主要集中在海南岛东侧邻近站位。鸢乌贼出现频率高,最高渔获率出现在春季的C8站,为391. 30 kg·h~(-1);圆舵鲣则出现频率相对较低,最高渔获率出现在春季的C20站,高达5 815. 39kg·h~(-1)。
译 名：
Catch composition and spatial-temporal distribution of catch rate of light falling-net fishing in the abysmal area of the northern South China Sea
作 者：
SU Li;CHEN Zuo-zhi;ZHANG Kui;ZHANG Jun;WANG Xin-xing;Key Lab.of Open-Sea Fishery Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;
单 位：
SU Li%CHEN Zuo-zhi%ZHANG Kui%ZHANG Jun%WANG Xin-xing%Key Lab.of Open-Sea Fishery Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
关键词：
northern South China Sea;;light falling-net;;catch composition;;catch rate;;spatial and temporal distribution
摘 要：
The northern South China Sea is located in tropical and subtropical areas. Since ancient times,it has been an important fishing ground along the coast of China and has rich fishery resources. However,in recent years due to overfishing,fishery resources have begun to decline. In order to understand the status of fishery resources in the abysmal area of the northern South China Sea,two survey voyages of light falling-net fishery resources were made in the spring and autumn of 2015 to provide basic information for exploitation,utilization and sustainable development of fishery resources in this sea area. The maximum mesh size of the net clothes is 36 mm and the minimum mesh size is 20 mm. Based on the data collected from light falling-net fishery in the abysmal area of the northern South China Sea,this paper analyzed the catch composition,the distribution of body length or mantle length of the dominant species and the distribution of catch rate. Results indicated that a total of 92 species were identified,belonging to 15 orders 44 families,and there were 40 species in spring,72 species in autumn,20 common species in two seasons. Dominant species( IRI≥1000)were Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis and Auxis tapeinosoma in two seasons. The major species( 1000 > IRI≥100) in spring were Brama japonica and Cubiceps squamicepoides,in autumn was Brama japonica only. There were three common species( 100 > IRI ≥ 10) in spring, Auxis thazard, Decapterus macrosoma and Thysanoteuthis rhombus,while only two species Arothron meleagris and Thunnus albacora in autumn. The distribution of dominant species S. oualaniensis mantle length and A. tapeinosoma fork length were different in two seasons,among which S. oualaniensis was bigger in spring,while A. tapeinosoma was bigger in autumn.The average of catch rate was 460. 73 kg·h~(-1) in spring,152. 45 kg ·h~(-1) in autumn. The distribution of catch rate were different in two seasons. In spring,except C20,the high catch rate mainly concentrated in the stations near the Philippines,but in autumn the high catch rate mainly concentrated in the east side of the Hainan Island. S. oualaniensis presented a high frequency of occurrence,the highest catch rate appeared in station C8,was 391. 30 kg · h~(-1). However,the highest catch rate of A. tapeinosoma appeared in station C20,was 5 815. 39 kg·h~(-1),its frequency of occurrence was low.
