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Position: Home > Articles > Study of Soil Erosion in Transitional Zone of Farming and Grazing of Alpine-Vold Areas Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 2002,16 (4) 17-20

高寒地区农牧交错带土壤侵蚀研究

作  者：
吴荣贵;林葆;Holm Tiessen
单  位：
中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所
关键词：
铯;土壤侵蚀;农牧交错带;土壤肥力
摘  要：
利用土壤中铯的放射强度之变化,对甘肃省高寒地区农牧交错带不同退化草原和不同开垦年限的耕种土壤的侵蚀程度进行了研究。土壤样品取自海拔2600～3000m的7个县镇18个地点,土壤为黑钙土。研究发现,中度退化草原(MDP)和重度退化草原(HDP)中的137Cs放射强度分别比轻度退化草原(LDP)下降12%和46%。草原土壤开垦后,137Cs放射强度明显下降,开垦8年、16年、41年后,137Cs的放射强度分别只有LDP的41%,35%和33%。研究还发现,如果底土砂粒含量高于表层,用耕层砂粒含量的变化而估算土壤侵蚀程度成为可能。草原开垦后,随土壤侵蚀的增加,土壤有机质明显下降,开垦8年、16年、41年后土壤有机碳分别下降25%,39%,55%。土壤侵蚀和有机质矿化是有机碳下降的主要原因。
译  名：
Study of Soil Erosion in Transitional Zone of Farming and Grazing of Alpine-Vold Areas
作  者：
WU Ronggui1, LIN BAO1, Holm Tiessen2  (1.Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081;2.Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Canada)
关键词：
137Cs;soil erosion;transitional areas of farming and grazing;soil fertility
摘  要：
This study, by using 137Cs, investigated the impacts of land use on soil erosion and soil fertility in transitional areas of farming and grazing in Gansu province of China. Land uses included three magnitudes of pasture degradation, lightly (LDP), moderately (MDP), and heavily degraded pasture (HDP), and cultivated fields ranging from 1 to 50 years of cultivation. Soil samples were collected from 18 sites at seven locations in chernozemic soils between elevations of 2 600 to 3 000 m. The 137Cs activity was significantly reduced when pasture was degraded. Compared to LDP, the 137Cs activity in MDP and HDP decreased by 12% and 46%, respectively. If subsoil is sandier than topsoil in cultivated field, the differences of sand content between the top and lower soil and with length of cultivation can be used as a tracer to estimate soil erosion.Cultivation of grassland worsened soil erosion, and after 8, 16, and 41 years cultivation soil organic C decreased by 25%, 39% and 55%, respectively. On cultivated soils, soil erosion and mineralization were equally responsible for organic C losses. 

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