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Position: Home > Articles > Research on Automatic Corn Seedling Transplanter Agricultural Mechanization Using ＆ Maintenance 2019 (1) 1-4+7

玉米纸筒秧苗移栽机的研究

作  者：
徐涛
单  位：
黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院
关键词：
全自动;纸筒;玉米秧苗;移栽机械
摘  要：
玉米纸筒秧苗移栽是一项有别于传统直播的新型栽培技术,采用人工大棚内纸筒育苗、适龄秧苗移栽的方式有效提高玉米生产期,彻底解决春季干旱、病虫害对玉米产量和品质的影响,增产增收效果明显。玉米纸筒育苗移栽机克服人工移栽劳动强度大、移栽效率低和作业质量不标准的显著缺点,为玉米标准化、机械化、自动化提供机具载体保证。该机设计了具有自动给苗、剔苗、补苗功能的上秧摆苗机器人系统,可实现纸筒秧苗的自动抓取分离及码放,秧册自动进给,自动剔除无苗、弱苗纸筒及加速补苗等功能,整机采用全液压驱动系统及以PLC为核心的自动控制系统。该机将自动取秧、数字识别无苗纸筒并自动剔除,有苗纸筒带式水平输送和垂直接力输送、垄上破茬开沟、零速投苗栽植、垄型整理、滤水覆土等作业有机地整合在单台移栽机上一次完成,大大提高了作业效率,实现玉米纸筒秧苗移栽作业的标准化、机械化和自动化。
译  名：
Research on Automatic Corn Seedling Transplanter
作  者：
Xu Tao;Heilongjiang Institute of Agricultural Mechanical Engineering Science;
单  位：
Xu Tao%Heilongjiang Institute of Agricultural Mechanical Engineering Science
关键词：
automation;;paper tube;;corn seedlings;;transplanting machine
摘  要：
Corn seedling transplanting technology is a new type planting way which can effectively increase the accumulated temperature,prevent drought disaster,get high yield,can solve water resource shortage in the condition of spring dry farming,frequent drought disasters,low yield and unreliable caused by frequency of droughts.Traditional corn seedling transplanting did by man,which showed the shortcomings such as intensity labor,low efficiency,poor quality of work,low degree of standardization and not conducive to seize the farming season,and is not conducive to large area production.It restricted the corn seedling transplanting technology popularized to large scale applications.Automatic transplanting machine of corn seedling raised by paper tube has the device which can lift lifting seedlings fast,realize automatic fetching,separating and put row pattern,feed seedling trays automatically,pick out the tube without seedlings and weak seedlings.The whole machine adopts full hydraulic drive system and automatic transplanting control system with PLC as the core.The machine will automatically take seedlings,digit recognition and pick out the tube without seedlings,convey the tube with seedlings by belt horizontally and vertically relay,stubble breaking and furrowing on ridge,feeding and planting at zero speed,ridge sorting,draining,soil covering and the like works to be organically integrated in a single unit and finished at once,which greatly improve the working efficiency,realize the operation standardization,mechanization and automation of corn paper tube seedlings transplanting work.

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