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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 河北省不同养殖模式泌乳牛的磷素利用效率和平衡研究 河北农业大学学报 2015,38 (4) 25-31
Position: Home > Articles > Phosphorus use efficiencies and balances of lactating cows in collective and intensive dairy operations in Hebei Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei 2015,38 (4) 25-31

河北省不同养殖模式泌乳牛的磷素利用效率和平衡研究

作  者：
谷秋莳;高志岭;马骁远;翟留博;李建国;马文奇
单  位：
河北农业大学动物科技学院;河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院
关键词：
泌乳牛;养殖模式;磷素;利用效率;磷素平衡
摘  要：
饲料磷素是影响我国泌乳牛生产性能及其环境效应的重要因素。本研究采用跟踪调研与室内分析相结合的方法,研究了河北省集约化和小区养殖模式下泌乳牛的磷素输入、输出以及利用效率的差异。结果表明:集约化奶牛养殖场的饲料磷素含量相对比较稳定(平均0.38%),与国内外的饲料磷素推荐指标比较吻合(0.38%~0.42%),其中20%的奶牛场高于推荐指标,30%的奶牛场低于推荐指标;而养殖小区的饲料磷含量变异较大(平均0.45%),只有16%的养殖小区的饲料磷素含量介于推荐范围,61%的小区饲料磷含量高于推荐标准,23%的小区低于推荐标准;集约化养殖模式下饲料精粗比平均为60∶40,精、粗饲料磷分别占饲料磷总量的69%和31%,而小区养殖模式下饲料精粗比为50∶50,精、粗饲料磷分别占其总磷量的57%和43%;集约化养殖模式的泌乳期磷素利用效率(305d)和泌乳牛年磷素利用效率(365d)为30.6%和27.9%,分别比小区养殖模式高7.8个百分点和7.1个百分点。
译  名：
Phosphorus use efficiencies and balances of lactating cows in collective and intensive dairy operations in Hebei
作  者：
GU Qiu-shi;GAO Zhi-ling;MA Xiao-yuan;ZHAI Liu-bo;LI Jian-guo;MA Wen-qi;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Agricultural University of Hebei;College of Animal Science and Technology,Agricultural University of Hebei;
关键词：
lactating cow;;dairy operation modes;;phosphorus;;use efficiency;;phosphorus balance
摘  要：
Feed phosphorus(P)input of dairy production in China and the sequent releases play an important role in the China's dairy production and environmental risk management.In this study,in situinformation including feeds,feeding schedule,herd structure,milk production and manure management of many intensive and collective dairy operations were tracked to investigate the difference among two production modes.Results indicated that,among the intensive and collective operations,the former operation had relatively stable feed P contents(average 0.38% with variation coefficient of 13.71%).Although the average was in agreement with the recommendation(0.38%-0.42%),20% of the intensive dairy operations hadgreater and 30% of the intensive dairy operations had smaller feed P content than the recommendation.While for the collective dairy operation in China,the average feed P content was0.45%,which was greater than the recommendation and was associated with greater variation of 25.21%.Most importantly,about 61% of the collective operations had greater and 23% of them had smaller feed P contents than the recommendation hinted that only 16% of the collective operations were characterized with reasonable feed P contents.Further analysis indicated that the average ratio of concentrate-roughage for intensive dairy operations was 60∶40,and69%and 31% of the feed P were contributed by concentrate and roughage,respectively.Whereas the concentrate-roughage ratio of collective operations was 50∶50,and 57% and 43% of the total feed P were derived from the concentrate and roughage,respectively.Meanwhile,the average P use efficiency during lactation period(LUE,305d)and one year(AUE,365d)of intensive operations were estimated to be 30.6%and 27.9%,which were about 7.8and 7.1percentage points greater than the LUE and AUE for collective operations.

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