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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 陇东旱塬区不同覆膜种植方式大豆的土壤水热效应及其对产量的影响 土壤通报 2014 (2) 358-363
Position: Home > Articles > Effects of Plastic Mulching Methods on Soil Temperature, Soil Moisture, and Soybean Yield on the Dry Plateau of Eastern Gansu Chinese Journal of Soil Science 2014 (2) 358-363

陇东旱塬区不同覆膜种植方式大豆的土壤水热效应及其对产量的影响

作  者：
王立明;董博;张东伟;陈光荣;杨如萍;张国宏
单  位：
甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所
关键词：
大豆;覆膜方式;土壤水热状况;产量
摘  要：
以晋豆23号为试验材料,研究陇东旱塬区3种不同覆膜方式的土壤水热效应及对大豆产量的影响。结果表明:与露地平播(CK)相比,全膜沟播(FFRF)、半膜沟播(HFRF)和膜侧(PS)种植均能提高0~25 cm土层地温,其中FFRF增温最高;不论干旱年份或平水年份,FFRF和HFRF处理大豆生育期耗水量、耗水强度均显著低于CK;FFRF的荚粒数、百粒重、分枝数最高,HFRF次之,CK最低;FFRF与CK相比,2009年(干旱年份)和2010年(平水年份)平均荚粒数、百粒重、分枝数分别增加5.6%、7.4%和23.8%;2009年和2010年FFRF大豆水分利用效率分别为12.5、13.0 kg hm-2mm-1,较露地显著提高,分别提高64.5%、39.8%;FFRF处理产量均显著高于其它处理,平水年份达3761 kg hm-2,较对照CK增产31.41%,干旱年份产量为3281 kg hm-2,增产高达41.97%。全膜沟播能够明显改善旱作区土壤水温条件,有利于进一步挖掘降水潜力和大豆高产田创建。
译  名：
Effects of Plastic Mulching Methods on Soil Temperature, Soil Moisture, and Soybean Yield on the Dry Plateau of Eastern Gansu
作  者：
WNAG Li-ming;DONG Bo;ZHANG Dong-wei;CHEN Guang-rong;YANG Ru-ping;ZHANG Guo-hong;Dry land of Agriculture Institute Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Key Laboratory of Northwest Drought Crop Cultivation and Farming of Chinese Ministry of Agriculture;Key Laboratory of High Efficiency Water Utilization in Dry Farming Region;
关键词：
Soybean;;Plastic film mulching modes;;Soil water and heat status;;Yield
摘  要：
Taking soybean cultivar jindou 23 as the test plant, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of the treatments whole-field surface plastic mulching and planting in furrow(FFRF), half plastic film muching and planting in furrows(HFRF), plastic film mulching and planting in film-side(PS) and uncovered and flat planting(CK) on the soil temperature,soil moisture,and soybean yield the dry plateau of eastern Gansu Province. Compared with uncovered and flat planting(CK), whole-field surface plastic mulching(FFRF), half plastic film muching and planting in furrows(HFRF) and plastic film mulching and planting in film-side(PS) planting could improve the temperature in 0 ~ 25 cm soil layer, and the greatest increase was in FFRF. Either in the years of drought or median water year, the water consumption and its intensity for soybean growth were significantly lower in FFRF and HFRF than CK. The maxima of pod, seed weight and branch number were in FFRF, followed by HFRF and lowest in CK. Compared with CK, the FFRF in 2009(drought years) and 2010(median water year) increased the average pod, seed weight, number of branches by 5.6%, 7.4% and 23.8%, respectively. In FFRF, the water use efficiency(WUE) of soybeans in 2009 and 2010 was separately 12.5 and 13.0 kg hm-2mm-1, which significantly increased 64.5% and 39.8% in comparison with CK, respectively. Yield in FFRF was significantly higher than the other treatments, which was 3761 kg hm-2in median water year, and 3281 kg hm-2in drought year, separately increasing by 31.41% and 41.97% than CK. Whole field surface plastic mulching and planting in furrows can obviously improve dry soil temperature conditions; it can improve the rainfall potential and create the soybean high yield field.

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