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Position: Home > Articles > The Application,Development,and Rethink of the Management Institutions of Forest Commons in Developing Countries Issues in Agricultural Economy 2019 (2) 135-144

发展中国家公共林地管理制度的应用、发展和反思

作  者:
黄冲;罗攀柱;梅莹;徐琴
单  位:
中南林业科技大学
关键词:
公地悲剧;公共林地管理;公共池塘管理理论;正式制度;非正式制度
摘  要:
各学派对公共林地的管理制度和模式一直争论不休,Hardin的"公地悲剧"和国有/私有万能论曾在公共林地管理中风靡一时,而Ostrom的公共池塘管理理论也被国际调查和大量实证研究证明,其对公共林地可持续发展起到重要作用,但无论哪一学派都已在实际应用中遇到了困境。本文以正式制度与非正式制度完整性和耦合度对公共林地管理的影响为主线,分析不同理论在一些发展中国家的发展脉络和应用情况。结果表明,公共林地的管理必须结合当地政治、经济、文化和生态特点,使得非正式制度与正式制度并存且形成耦合,才能更好地适应于当地社会和生态环境的管理,促进林业可持续发展。
译  名:
The Application,Development,and Rethink of the Management Institutions of Forest Commons in Developing Countries
作  者:
HUANG Chong;LUO Panzhu;MEI Ying;XU Qin;
单  位:
HUANG Chong%LUO Panzhu%MEI Ying%XU Qin
关键词:
Tragedy of commons;;Forest commons management;;Common-pool resource management;;Formal institutions;;Informal institutions
摘  要:
The debating on different styles and institutions of forest commons management is still ongoing.Although Hardin's theory—"The Tragedy of Commons" has made great influence on this field,plenty of empirical studies and International researches have proved the practicability of Ostrom's Common-pool Resource Management in forest commons management.Common-pool Resource Management has many benefits on Society,Economy,and especially the ecologically sustainable development.However,either Hardin's or Ostrom's theory is meeting dilemmas in practicing.Therefore,basing on the influence of the consistency and integrity of formal and informal institutions,this article analyzed the development and application of both theories in forest commons in some developing countries.The result shows that sustainable forest commons management has to pay attention not only on the local political,economical and ecological features,but also on some informal factors such as:culture and customs.The forest commons can be more adaptable and sustainable when the formal and informal institutions are highly consistent and integrated.

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