作 者：
顾晶晶;余慷;陈树林;朱保磊;王冬至;张爱民;刘冬成;詹克慧
单 位：
河南农业大学农学院;植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室
关键词：
河南小麦;穗粒数;SNP芯片;全基因组关联分析
摘 要：
穗粒数是小麦产量构成的重要因子,研究小麦穗粒数及其相关性状的变化规律与遗传机制对于高产育种具有指导意义。以198份河南种植或审定的小麦品种(系)为材料,在4个环境下鉴定穗粒数相关性状表现,选用660K SNP芯片检测材料的基因型并进行全基因组关联分析。发现穗粒数存在着广泛的变异,穗粒数、穗长、总小穗数、可育小穗数和不育小穗数的广义遗传力分别为77.43%、87.54%、85.45%、79.70%和68.08%,2002年以前、2003-2008年、2009-2014年和2015年以来育成品种的平均穗粒数分别为35.71个、36.85个、37.40个和37.98个,随着育种时期的推进总小穗数和可育小穗数也表现出逐渐提高的趋势。共发现41个和穗粒数等性状相关联的位点,分布在除了1D、3A、3D、4B和4D的16条染色体上,单个关联位点的表型变异贡献率(R2)范围为6.19%~20.83%,其中10个位点至少在2个环境中稳定表达。对关联位点进一步分析发掘了多个与穗粒数性状相关的优异等位变异,如7A上AX-109368219(A)能增加穗粒数1.86粒,2A上AX-111674224(C)能提高总小穗数0.96个,2D上AX-111582877(G)能提高可育小穗数0.73个。研究揭示近五十年河南小麦穗粒数性状的动态变化及其规律,获得了多个和穗粒数等性状关联位点及等位变异,为小麦产量性状的遗传改良及分子设计育种提供了技术支持和基因资源。
译 名：
Dynamic Variation and Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Grain Number Related Traits in Henan Wheat(Triticum aestivum)
作 者：
Gu Jingjing;Yu Kang;Chen Shulin;Zhu Baolei;Wang Dongzhi;Zhang Aimin;Liu Dongcheng;Zhan Kehui;National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Henan Agricultural University;State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences;
单 位：
National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Henan Agricultural University%State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
关键词：
Henan wheat;;Grain number;;SNP chip;;Genome-Wide association analysis(GWAS)
摘 要：
Grain number is an important factor in the yield components of wheat. The study on the variation patterns and genetic mechanism of grain number and its related traits plays a guiding significance for high yield breeding. 198 wheat varieties grown or released in Henan Province were selected as the material, whose grain number related traits were identified under four environment, and 660 K SNP chip were used to detect the genotype of research object and perform genome-wide association analysis. The study revealed that the extensive variations of the grain number in different environment existed in analyzed samples, and the broad sense heritability of grain number, spike length, total spikelets, fertile spikelets and sterile spikelets were 77.43%, 87.54%, 85.45%, 79.70%and 68.08%, respectively. The average grain number of accessions released before 2002, between 2003~2008,2009~2014 and after 2015 were 35.71, 36.85, 37.40 and 37.98, and the total spikelet number and fertile spikelet number showed a trend of gradual increase with the advance of the breeding period. 41 chromosome loci distributed on 16 chromosomes except 1 D, 3 A, 3 D, 4 B and 4 D were found associated with grain number, of which ten loci were stably expressed under at least two environment. The phenotypic variance contribution rate of single association site(R2) ranged from 6.19% to 20.83%. Further analysis of the association sites found a number of elite alleles which were beneficial to the grain number and its related traits, such as AX-109368219(A) on 7 A could increase 1.86 kernels, AX-111674224(C) on 2 A could increase 0.96 spikelets, and AX-111582877(G) on 2 D could improve 0.73 fertile spikelets. These data showed the dynamic changes and rules of grain number related traits in Henan common wheat released in past fifty years, and obtained a number of elite alleles associated with grain number related traits, which provided technical support and genetic resources for the genetic improvement of wheat yield traits and molecular design breeding.
