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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 海南省辣椒春季干旱灾害等级指标 生态学杂志 2015,34 (11) 3139-3145
Position: Home > Articles > Grade index of spring drought disaster for paprika in Hainan Province Chinese Journal of Ecology 2015,34 (11) 3139-3145

海南省辣椒春季干旱灾害等级指标

作  者：
张蕾;霍治国;陈汇林;吴翠玲
单  位：
中国气象科学研究院;国家气象中心;海南省气象科学研究所;南京信息工程大学气象灾害预警预报与评估协同创新中心
关键词：
辣椒;均匀设计;持续干旱日数;死苗率;干旱等级指标
摘  要：
以辣椒品种海泡一号为试验材料,采用温室大棚人工控制方式,在春季分别设置持续干旱日数(10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50 d)和补水量(0、2、4、6、8、10、12、14、16 mm)2因素9水平的干旱均匀试验,分析了各处理对辣椒死苗率、生理特性和产量的影响,确定了辣椒春季干旱灾害致灾因子和等级指标。结果表明:辣椒死苗率与20 cm土壤相对湿度呈显著负相关(r=-0.73);辣椒死苗率与持续干旱日数的回归关系显著,与补充水量的相关性较小,持续干旱日数可以作为辣椒春季干旱指标;随着持续干旱日数的增加,辣椒净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均呈下降趋势,辣椒相对产量损失呈明显加重趋势;辣椒轻度、中度、重度干旱灾害等级的临界值分别为持续干旱日数27、32和36 d,经对比验证,该干旱灾害等级指标与历史灾情相符。
译  名：
Grade index of spring drought disaster for paprika in Hainan Province
作  者：
ZHANG Lei;HUO Zhi-guo;CHEN Hui-lin;WU Cui-ling;Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences;National Meteorological Center;Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology;Hainan Provincial Institute of Meteorological Science;
关键词：
paprika;;uniform design;;continuous dry days;;rate of dead seedlings;;grade index of drought
摘  要：
Paprika( Capsicum annuum L.) is sensitive to not only waterlogging but also drought.Taking Haipao No. 1 as the test material in greenhouse,an experiment was conducted to study the effects of drought on physiological parameters and yield of paprika based on two factors [continuous dry days( 10-50 days) and irrigation( 0-16 mm) ]with nine levels in a uniform design scheme. Through correlation and regression analyses,a grade index of spring drought disaster for paprika was constructed. The results showed that the rate of dead paprika seedlings was negatively correlated with the relative soil moisture at depth 20 cm( r =-0.73) and little correlated with irrigation. Continuous drought duration notably affected the rate of dead paprika seedlings,and thus was chosen as the drought index for paprika. Net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of paprika decreased and relative yield loss increased significantly with the increase of continuous drought duration. Considering the standard of meteorological drought and the regression model relating the rate of dead paprika seedlings with continuous dry days,the critical values of continuous dry days for mild,moderate and severe droughts were 27,32 and 36 days,respectively. The drought disaster index for paprika fitted well with the actual drought disaster situation and could help provide strategies for monitoring and precaution against drought disaster for paprika.

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