作 者：
李双建;王小武;王志慧;付开赟;吐尔逊·阿合买提;何江;丁新华;郭文超
单 位：
石河子大学农学院/新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用重点实验室
关键词：
春播玉米;化学除草;药剂筛选;安全性评价
摘 要：
[目的]研究田间除草剂药效试验及其安全性,筛选出高效化学除草剂,并对其安全性进行评价,为新疆春播玉米田科学除草提供依据.[方法]采用田间小区试验,对8种除草剂不同时期的株防效和鲜重防效及其对玉米苗期安全性进行了评价.[结果]各封闭处理中,38%莠去津(金秋)SC 1 500 mL/hm~2和38.5%硝·精·莠去津(卢迈克斯)CS 6 000 mL/hm~2对总草的防效较为理想,其在施药后30、45 d的株防效、鲜重防效依次达到74.29%、61.95%、62.50%、61.39%和74.29%、62.48%、62.50%、60.88%;茎叶处理中,40 g/L烟嘧磺隆(精品大捷)OD 1 200 mL/hm~2对总草的防效最好,其在施药后30、45 d的株防效、鲜重防效达85.71%、83.18%、59.38%、64.78%,其次是28%硝·烟·莠去津(金大捷)OD 2 700 mL/hm~2,其在施药后30、45 d的株防效、鲜重防效分别为80.00%、79.41%、50.00%、56.06%,24%硝磺·烟·莠(玉彩)OD 2 700 mL/hm~2和50%氯吡·硝·烟嘧(苞鑫)WG 450 g/hm~2的防效也较为理想.30%苯唑草酮(苞卫)SC 225 mL/hm~2的防效最差,其在30和45 d的株防效、鲜重防效仅为60.00%、56.07%和21.88%、41.73%.[结论]在生产上安全高效防除玉米杂草的除草剂种类及施药量为,封闭处理:38%莠去津(金秋)SC 1 500 mL/hm~2、38.5%硝·精·莠去津(卢迈克斯)CS 6 000 mL/hm~2,茎叶处理:40 g/L烟嘧磺隆(精品大捷)OD 1 200 mL/hm~2、28%硝·烟·莠去津(金大捷)OD 2 700 mL/hm~2、24%硝磺·烟·莠(玉彩)OD 2 700 mL/hm~2和50%氯吡·硝·烟嘧(苞鑫)WG 450 g/hm~2.
作 者：
LI Shuang-jian;WANG Xiao-wu;WANG Zhi-hui;FU Kai-yun;Tursun Ahmat;HE Jiang;DING Xin-hua;GUO Wen-chao;Key Laboratory for Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Resource Utilization at Universities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Agronomy, Shihezi University;Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management in China North-Western Desert Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R.China/Research Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences;College of agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University;
单 位：
LI Shuang-jian%WANG Xiao-wu%WANG Zhi-hui%FU Kai-yun%Tursun Ahmat%HE Jiang%DING Xin-hua%GUO Wen-chao%Key Laboratory for Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Resource Utilization at Universities of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, College of Agronomy, Shihezi University%Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management in China North-Western Desert Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R.China/Research Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences%Research Institute of Applied Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences%College of agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University
关键词：
spring sowing corn;;chemical weeding;;drug screening;;safety evaluation
摘 要：
【Objective】 The purpose of this project is to screen out the high efficiency chemical herbicide and evaluate its safety through field herbicide efficacy test and safety investigation in the hope of providing the basis for scientific herbicidal control in spring sowing corn field in Xinjiang. 【Method】The field control experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy and fresh weight control of 8 herbicides in different periods and their safety in corn seedling stage.【Result】In each closed process, Atrazine 38% SC(1,500 mL/hm~2) and Mesotrione·s-metolachlor·atrazine 38.5% CS( 6,000 mL/hm~2) weed control were better than other treatments. Stem and leaf treatment, Nicosulfuron 40 g/L OD( 1,200 mL/hm~2) weed control were better than other treatments, the plant control effect and fresh weight control effect reached 30 d and 45 d after application were 85.71%,83.18% and 59.38%,64.78%, next Mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine 28% OD(2,700 mL/hm~2) the effect was better. Mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine 24% OD(2,700 mL/hm~2) and Fluroxypyr-meptyl·mesotrione·nicosulfuron 50% WG(450 g/hm~2) could also be used as a choice for weed control. But, Topramezone 30% SC(225 mL/hm~2) the weed control effect was the worst, not recommended for use in corn field weed control.【Conclusion】The types and application rates of herbicides that are safe and effective in controlling corn weeds in production are: closed treatment: Atrazine 38% SC(1,500 mL/hm~2) and Mesotrione·s-metolachlor·atrazine 38.5% CS(6,000 mL/hm~2); Stem and leaf treatment: Nicosulfuron 40 g/L OD(1,200 mL/hm~2), Mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine 28% OD(2,700 mL/hm~2), Mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine 24% OD(2,700 mL/hm~2) and Fluroxypyr-meptyl·mesotrione·nicosulfuron 50% WG(450 g/hm~2).
