关键词：
森林消防车;道路模拟试验;流固耦合;振动特性
摘 要：
采用室内道路模拟技术,利用动态信号分析系统采集空载、50%、75%和95%4种不同的充水工况下车架纵向、罐体垂向及横向的加速度信号,计算加速度均方根值,并利用傅里叶变换进行频域分析来识别振动特性,从而研究流固耦合运动对该消防车产生的振动影响。结果表明,在林区山地路况作业时,该小型消防车水罐振动明显,且在流固耦合的作用下,该消防车水罐3个轴向上的振动频率均变化明显,充水工况较空载时的振动频率更快,且3种不同充水工况的振动频率存在差异。根据试验结果,建议该消防车在林区作业时,装水量应控制在95%左右,避免半载情况下的流固耦合运动对整车稳定性造成较大影响。
译 名：
An experimental study on vibration characteristics of a light-duty forest fire truck
作 者：
LIU Xinying;YU Wenhua;School of Technology,Beijing Forestry University;
关键词：
forest fire truck;;road simulation test;;liquid-solid coupling;;vibration characteristics
摘 要：
An experimental study was carried out to investigate the vibration characteristics of a light-duty forest fire truck modified from an off-road vehicle chassis. Signals of the longitudinal acceleration of the chassis and the horizontal and vertical acceleration of the tank were recorded in 4 conditions: 0%,50%,75% and 95% of the full water load.Based on the collected acceleration signals,the formula of ISO2631 was used to calculate the weighted root mean square(RMS) of the acceleration. The frequency of the vibration signals was analyzed to recognize the vibration characteristics of the fire truck by using Fourier transform. The effects of vibration caused by the fluid-solid coupling movement on the fire truck were then evaluated. The experimental results showed that the forest fire truck shook significantly when working in the mountain road condition. In the tank horizontal direction,with the increase of the water load,the acceleration RMS in the condition 2 first increased and then decreased. In the direction along the chassis,the RMS showed an overall upward trend. Vertical of the tank,with the increase of water load,the RMS showed a trend of decrease. This is due to the effect of fluid-solid coupling movement and with the increasing of water,the tank stiffness increases. The frequency analysis showed that the tank shook more significantly in all directions under the influence of fluid-solid coupling movement. And the vibration frequency changed in different water load conditions. To avoid the negative effects caused by the fluid-solid coupling movement in the half-loaded condition,it is suggested that the loaded water should be controlled at about 95% of its full capacity when the fire truck works in the forest.
