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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 梨黑斑病病原菌生物学特性研究 果树学报 2006,23 (2) 247-251
Position: Home > Articles > Study on biological characteristics of Alternaria alternata caused occurrence of pear black spot Journal of Fruit Science 2006,23 (2) 247-251

梨黑斑病病原菌生物学特性研究

作  者：
王宏;常有宏;陈志谊
单  位：
江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所;南京农业大学园艺学院
关键词：
梨黑斑病;链格孢菌;生物学特性
摘  要：
对梨黑斑病病原菌链格孢菌(Alternariaalternata)生物学特性的研究结果表明,不同菌株在PSA平板上培养,平均日生长速率、产孢量、菌落颜色以及菌落厚度有显著不同。病原菌生长适宜温度为20～30℃,最适温度为28℃,孢子萌发的最适温度为28℃;病原菌适宜生长相对湿度为50%～100%,最适生长相对湿度为98%～100%,孢子萌发必须具备相对湿度98%以上的高湿条件,在水滴中萌发率最高;病原菌菌丝适宜生长的pH值为4～12,最适生长pH值为7～8,孢子萌发最适pH值为7～8,病原菌培养一段时间后培养基的pH值会发生改变。该病原菌对多种单糖、双糖和多糖等碳源及有机氮、无机氮均可利用,最适碳源为蔗糖,最适氮源为蛋白胨,硫酸胺和氯化胺会抑制病原菌菌丝生长。
译  名：
Study on biological characteristics of Alternaria alternata caused occurrence of pear black spot
作  者：
WANG Hong,CHANG You-hong, CHEN Zhi-yi (Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 China; Plant Protection Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014 China)
关键词：
Pear black spot; Alternaria alternata; Biological characteristics
摘  要：
Biological characteristics of Alternaria alternata, which causes the occurrence of pear black spot, were studied. The results indicated that there was significant difference in growth characteristics (including: growth rate, quality of spore, color of colony and thickness of colony) in PSA media. The suitable temperature for mycelia growth was 20~30℃, and the optimum was 28℃; the optimum temperature for spores germination was 28℃. The suitable relative humidity of mycelia growth was 50%~100%, and the optimum humidity was 98%~100%; only under high relative humidity condition, spores could germinate; especially in water drop, the germination rate of spores is high. The suitable pH value for mycelia growth was 4~12, and the optimum pH value was 7~8. The pH value of PSA could be changed by A. alternata after culturing. The optimum pH value for spores germination was 7~8. A. alternata could make use of many carbohydrates and nitrogen sources, the optimum carbon source was sucrose, and the optimum nitrogen source was peptone, while(NH4)2SO4 and NH4Cl would inhibit mycelia growth.

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