Zhihua Mu;Binh-Minh Tran;Huimin Xu;Zifeng Yang;U Zaman Qamar;Xingwei Wang;Yong Xiao;Jie Lu

Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietna; Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, 7 Yumin Road, Yazhou, Sanya, Hainan Province, China;Applied Biotechnology for Crop Development Research Unit, International University, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam; Hainan University, No 58, Renmin Avenue, Haikou, Hainan Province, China

coconut water;biotechnology;medicine;italic;review;includin

Coconut (Coconut Nucifera L.) is one of the most important palms worldwide. Coconut water, its liquid endosperm, is a nutrient-rich beverage with a wide range of potential applications as a refreshing beverage, medicine and additives in biotechnology. It is a sterile, isotonic solution containing a variety of sugars, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and phytohormones which showed a range of biological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. It also provided a wide range of secondary metabolites. Coconut water has been used successfully to the tissue culture of many plants, including field crops, ornamentals, and medicinal plants. In this review, we have discussed, the chemical composition and biological properties of coconut water, as well as its potential applications in biotechnology and medicine. It was found that coconut water has therapeutic or preventive effects on many diseases, or has applications in medicine. In addition, in biotechnology such as plant tissue culture, coconut water can be used as an additive to enhance the growth of callus tissue. This review will also highlight the challenges and opportunities for future research on coconut water.