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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 河岸防护林对土壤重金属含量的影响及其生态风险研究 西南农业学报 2017,30 (2) 401-408
Position: Home > Articles > Effect of River Shelter on Concentration of Soil Heavy Metals and Its Ecological Risk Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2017,30 (2) 401-408

河岸防护林对土壤重金属含量的影响及其生态风险研究

作  者：
黎燕琼;龚固堂;郑绍伟;陈俊华;谢天资;慕长龙
单  位：
四川省林业科学研究院
关键词：
重金属;土壤;生态风险;植被配置模式;河岸防护林
摘  要：
为了解不同植被配置模式的河岸防护林土壤重金属的含量特征和污染状况,提出能有效降解土壤重金属危害的植被配置模式。本文选择了成都市沙河生态景观防护林带中的乔灌草、乔草、灌草以及单层灌木林和草坪等5种典型植被配置模式林分,测定了Mn、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd和As等重金属和全N、全K和全P等主要营养元素在土壤中的分配状况;并对土壤重金属的生态风险进行了评价。1 Mn、Zn、Cr和Pb等8种重金属元素含量在不同植被配置模式下均有显著性差异(P<0.05),总体表现为Mn含量最高,Zn次之,再次是Cr>Pb>Ni>Cu>Co;As含量最低。2根据土壤环境质量标准(GB15618—1995)评价结果表明,Cr、Ni、Cu、Co和As在5中植被配置模式下均没有超过临界值,Zn在5种植被配置模式下的土壤含量均超过临界值;Mn和Pb则表现为部分配置模式下超过临界值;3土层中分配上,各元素总体表现为土层20~40 cm含量高于0~20 cm。4通过相关性对重金属的来源初步解析表明,0~20 cm土层中重金属来源明显比20~40 cm土层复杂。5Mn、Cr、Co等8种重金属元素在5种植被配置模式下主要表现为未污染或轻度污染和轻度危害。乔灌草配置模式I(植被从上到下依次为:香樟、女贞+十大功劳、迎春+鸢尾)重金属含量最低,综合污染指数和污染的生态风险指数最低。
译  名：
Effect of River Shelter on Concentration of Soil Heavy Metals and Its Ecological Risk
作  者：
LI Yan-qiong;GONG Gu-tang;ZHENG Shao-wei;CHEN Jun-hua;XIE Tian-zi;MU Chang-long;Sichuan Academy of Forestry;
关键词：
Heavy metal;;Soil;;Ecological risk;;Vegetation deployment model;;Landscape shelter
摘  要：
In order to identify the concentration and pollution features of soil heavy metals in the riparian shelter,five vegetation deployment models(I: trees + shrubs,II: trees + grasses,III: shrubs + grasses,IV: shrubs and V: grasses) of ecological landscape shelter were selected along Sha River in Chengdu,the concentration and distribution pattern of Mn,Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd and As,as well as total N,total K and total P in soil were measured. Meanwhile,single factor index,comprehensive index and potential ecological risk index were applied to evaluate the riparian soil pollution by heavy metals. The results indicated that:(i) The concentration of the above-mentioned eight heavy metals have significant difference(P < 0. 05) among the different vegetation deployment models,Mn > Zn > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > Co >As.(ii) Taking the critical value in the first category in the Environmental Quality Standards for Soils(GB15618-1995) as evaluation standards,the concentration of Zn was higher than the critical value in all the five vegetation deployment models; The concentration of Mn was higher than the critical value in III and IV models; The concentration of Pb is higher than the critical value in I,III and V models; The concentrations of Cr,Ni,Cu,Co and As are lower than the critical value in the five models.(iii) The concentration of each nutrient was higher in 20-40 cm layer than that of 0-20 cm layer.(iv) The correlation analysis showed that the source of heavy metals was more complicated in 0-20 cm soil layer than that of 20-40 cm layer.(v) In conclusion,the soil in the five vegetation deployment models were not polluted by the above-mentioned eight heavy metals,or just mild pollution or damage occurred. Patterns I of shrub and shrub allocation had the lowest content of heavy metals,the lowest integrated pollution index and the ecological risk index of pollution.

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