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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 关于《氾胜之书》“积穰于沟间”的释读 中国农史 2017,36 (5) 57-66
Position: Home > Articles > Explanation on Function of Stalk in Fanshengzhishu Agricultural History of China 2017,36 (5) 57-66

关于《氾胜之书》“积穰于沟间”的释读

作  者：
熊帝兵
单  位：
淮北师范大学历史与社会学院
关键词：
汉代;《氾胜之书》;区田法;保墒;秸秆;农业史
摘  要：
《氾胜之书》"区田法"中有"积穰于沟间"语,石声汉对"穰"字存疑,推测其可能作肥料用;万国鼎和缪启愉认为"穰"与区田生产相矛盾,系"壤"字之误。区田法并非大田农业生产的常规方法,而是干旱地区遇到旱灾时的特殊生产设计,或隙地利用技术,对灌溉、供水、施肥、保墒要求较高。"穰"的保水性良好,灌溉条件下可充当水肥担体,不但能契合上述区田技术要求,还可实现节约灌溉、精确供给水肥、持续保泽。同书垫"豆萁"区种芋就是基于这样的设计。现代"穴贮肥水"、"浸水秸秆增墒"等农业新技术与"区田积穰"原理相近或相通。要之,"穰"字无误,其主要功能不是改良土壤,而是保水保肥、保墒增墒。
译  名：
Explanation on Function of Stalk in Fanshengzhishu
作  者：
XIONG Di-bing;College of History and Society ,Huaibei Normal University;
单  位：
College of History and Society ,Huaibei Normal University
关键词：
Han dynasty;;Fanshengzhishu;;pitting fields' method;;keeping soil moisture;;stalk;;history of agriculture
摘  要：
Fanshengzhishu recorded amassing stalk in the pitting fields. Wan Guoding and Miu Qiyu thought the stalk should be soil, yet Shi Shenghan conjectured the stalk could act as fertilizer. Pitting fields' method was a special farming skill against drought in the arid area, thus the main purpose was to water accurately and continue keeping soil moisture. Stalk could serve as carrier of water and fertilizer, which agreed on the purpose. In fact, when planting taro, the book had amassed beanstalk in pitting fields. Modern agricultural technique such as storing water and fertilizer in hollow or increasing soil moisture by burying soaked stalk was interlinked with the usage of 2000 years ago. In brief, stalk in the book is correct.

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