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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带坡面土壤侵蚀特征及其影响因素 水土保持研究 2018 (1) 1-6+22
Position: Home > Articles > Soil Erosion and Its Influence Factors on a Slope in the Wind-Water Erosion Crisscross Region on the Loess Plateau Research of Soil and Water Conservation 2018 (1) 1-6+22

黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带坡面土壤侵蚀特征及其影响因素

作  者：
张加琼;刘章;杨明义;张风宝;王永吉;邓鑫欣
单  位：
西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室;包头稀土研究院;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所
关键词：
土壤侵蚀;坡面变异;~(137)Cs示踪;水蚀风蚀交错带;粒径分布
摘  要：
水蚀与风蚀的交错作用大大加剧了黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带的土壤侵蚀强度,造就了复杂的侵蚀环境。通过在水蚀风蚀交错带的典型区域——神木六道沟流域,选择沿本地盛行风向(NW)到最弱风向(E)方向的坡面布设采样断面,探究土壤粒径和土壤侵蚀速率的空间分布特征,分析其影响因素。结果表明:土壤粒径和侵蚀速率均表现出明显的波动变化和显著的坡面变异(p<0.05)。其坡面分异受坡面部位、坡度、植被、土壤类型、土地利用类型和侵蚀动力(风力和降雨)的共同影响。侵蚀动力之外的因素对土壤侵蚀速率的坡面变异累积解释69.6%~82.1%。土壤侵蚀速率与坡面部位、坡度、植被、土壤类型和土地利用类型的线性回归分析显示,土壤侵蚀的动力因素也十分重要。然而,要揭示坡面土壤侵蚀空间分布的一般规律,定量区分水蚀和风蚀对坡面侵蚀的贡献,需进一步研究。
译  名：
Soil Erosion and Its Influence Factors on a Slope in the Wind-Water Erosion Crisscross Region on the Loess Plateau
作  者：
ZHANG Jiaqiong;LIU Zhang;YANG Mingyi;ZHANG Fengbao;WANG Yongji;DENG Xinxin;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A & F University;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources;Rare Earth Research Institute of Baotou;
关键词：
soil erosion;;slope variation;;~(137)Cs tracing;;wind-water erosion crisscross region;;grain-size distribution
摘  要：
The alternating effect of wind and water erosion intensified soil loss in the wind-water erosion crisscross region,and formed a complicated erosion environment on the Loess Plateau.This study selected a hill going from northwest to east in the Liudaogou watershed of Shenmu County as the site to collect soil samples used for measuring ~(137)Cs and grain size.The distribution of soil grain size,erosion rate and the influence factors were studied.The results showed that grain-size and soil erosion had significant variations(p<0.05)on two slopes with obvious undulation.The change of soil erosion was affected by conditions of underlying surface including slope position,gradient,vegetation,soils and land use type besides erosion forces(wind and rainfall).The results of principal component analysis showed that there were two components including all underlying surface factors.They explained that the variations of soil erosion ranged from 69.6% to 82.1% .The linear regression between soil erosion rate and these four factors(slope position,gradient,vegetation,soil and land use types)implied the importance of erosion forces besides underlying surface conditions.Unfortunately,spatial distribution of soil erosion on a single slope is unlikely to represent the general erosion pattern in this region,the ~(137)Cs tracing technique and grain-size analysis were far away from quantita-tively dividing the contribution of wind erosion and water erosion in the total erosion on the slope scale.Further study with better methods and techniques is necessary.

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