作 者：
杜学梅;杨廷桢;高敬东;王骞;蔡华成;李春燕;弓桂花
单 位：
山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制和利用山西省重点实验室
摘 要：
为促进国内苹果矮化砧木选育工作的发展,从矮生种质资源、矮砧选育成效、矮生实生苗预选指标、矮砧育种存在问题等方面对国内苹果矮砧育种研究现状进行了综述。中国苹果矮砧育种目前仍以杂交育种、株系选育、实生选种为主,选出了SH系、Y系、‘GM256’等生产上表现较好的品系;在基因工程育种和分子标记辅助育种方面做了探索性研究,取得了可喜的进展;筛选出了材皮率、枝条电阻值、POD酶、内源激素等多种可以应用于杂交实生苗早期预选指标,但任何一个单一指标都不能很好地预测后代矮化性能,要多指标并用方可提高预选的准确率。分析了国内目前苹果矮砧选育中存在砧木育种体系不健全、现代育种技术滞后、育种力量薄弱等问题,并对育种前景进行了展望。
译 名：
Advances in Breeding Apple Dwarf Rootstock in China
作 者：
Du Xuemei;Yang Tingzhen;Gao Jingdong;Wang Qian;Cai Huacheng;Li Chunyan;Gong Guihua;Pomology Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology;
关键词：
apple rootstock;;breeding;;preselect indices;;advances
摘 要：
For improving apple dwarf rootstock breeding,its study status in China is summarized from dwarf germplasm resources,breeding effect,preselected indices of seedling,breeding problem and etc.Crossbreeding,selection breeding of strain lines,selecting by seedlings are chief methods of apple rootstock breeding in China now,better series applied to production are selected,such as SH series,Y series,‘GM256’and so on.Gene project breeding and molecular marker assisted breeding are studied and have great progress.Preselected indices which could be applied in crossbreeding seedling,such as ratio of xylem and phloem,shoot electron resistance,POD enzyme and hormones,are screened out.Dwarf property of offspring should be forecasted combined with many preselect indices,not by an individual index.Some problems are analyzed including inadequate rootstock breeding system and modern breeding technology,weak breeding ability and etc.,and the breeding prospect of apple rootstock is discussed.
