关键词：
大棚菜地;速效磷;速效钾;电导率;垂直变异
摘 要：
【目的】探讨不同种植年限大棚菜地土壤速效磷、速效钾以及电导率的垂直变异,为大棚菜地合理施肥提供理论依据。【方法】采用多点取样的调查方法,对新疆库尔勒主要蔬菜基地种植17年的露天菜地及不同种植年限(3,10,14年)大棚菜地的土壤速效磷、速效钾含量及电导率进行测定,分析其在0～180cm土层的垂直分布状况。【结果】在0～180cm土层,调查区大棚菜地土壤速效磷含量呈明显的上高下低型垂直分布,随种植年限的增加0～20cm土层土壤速效磷大量积累;调查区大棚菜地土壤速效钾含量垂直分布相对平稳,随种植年限的增加各土层土壤速效钾含量逐渐减少,表层土壤速效钾处于明显的消耗状态;调查区大棚菜地土壤电导率随土壤深度增加变化较为平缓,随种植年限的增加,0～60cm土层土壤电导率显著提高,盐分有累积趋势;与种植年限相近的大棚菜地相比较,露天菜地0～20cm土层土壤速效磷显著低于大棚菜地,速效钾含量与电导率则显著高于大棚菜地,表现出更为明显的次生盐渍化。【结论】大棚菜地需要平衡施用磷肥,补充钾肥,并防止土壤次生盐渍化。
译 名：
Study on vertical variation of available P and K and electrical conductivity of greenhouse soil of different cultivation ages
作 者：
HU Ming-fang,TIAN Chang-yan,ZHOU Guang-tao,WANG Lin-xia,ZHANG Hui(Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,China Academy of Sciences,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China)
关键词：
greenhouse soil;available P;available K;EC;vertical variation
摘 要：
【Objective】The vertical variation of available P and K and EC of greenhouse soil of different cultivation ages was studied to provide some theory to fertilizing.【Method】A field survey was conducted to investigate available phosphorus(P) and available potassium(K)content and EC value of 17 years'open vergetable land and greenhouse of different planting ages(3,10,14 years)in Kuerle of Xinjiang,and their vertical distribution in 0-180cm soil layer was analysed.【Result】The results showed that:available P content of greenhouse topsoil was significantly bigger than deep soil,and that decreased sharply as the depth of soil increased.With planting years prolonged,agreat deal of the available P enriched intensively in 0-20cm soil layer of greenhouse;available K content of greenhouse soil of the investigate area was stable in vertical section,and available K content of topsoil was lightly lower than that of deep soil.Available K of topsoil of greenhouse was consumed continuously;EC value of greenhouse soil was stable in vertical section,and EC value 0-60cm soil layer increased significantly as cultivated age increased,soil salinity tended to increase;compared with greenhouse which planted almost similar years,available P content of open field topsoil was significantly more than that of greenhouse topsoil,and available K content and EC were more than that of greenhouse topsoil notably,secondary salinization of open field was more evident.【Conclusion】 Greenhouse field should balance P fertilization,add K fertilization,and protect soil from secondary salinization.
