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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 春夏季闽江口和兴化湾鱼类数量特征的研究 水产学报 2010,34 (9) 1395-1403
Position: Home > Articles > Comparison of fish density between the Minjiang Estuary and Xinghua Bay during spring and summer Journal of Fisheries of China 2010,34 (9) 1395-1403

春夏季闽江口和兴化湾鱼类数量特征的研究

作  者：
徐兆礼
单  位：
中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所
关键词：
鱼类;优势种;密度;闽江口;兴化湾
摘  要：
为了考察春夏季闽江口和兴化湾鱼类数量特征,利用2008年4月(春季)和9月(夏季)这两个海域渔业资源调查资料,研究这两个不同生态类型海域鱼类密度的时空分布,分析优势种特征、以及地形地貌、海流和水文等因素对鱼类分布的影响。结果表明,春季闽江口鱼类重量密度(165.31kg/km2)和尾数密度(15.89×103ind/km2)都低于兴化湾重量密度(638.4kg/km2)和尾数密度(19.73×103ind/km2),夏季相反,闽江口鱼类重量密度(1728.83kg/km2)和尾数密度(158.81×103ind/km2)远远大于兴化湾重量密度(1378.20kg/km2)和尾数密度(58.15×103ind/km2)。这些与闽江口和兴化湾鱼类资源生态特征有一定的关系:依据优势性分析,在兴化湾,优势种以地方种为主,除了六指马鲅,其它主要优势种优势性不明显,对总密度变化的贡献不大。而闽江口,优势种大多是洄游性经济鱼类,其中凤鲚重量密度和尾数密度明显高于其它优势种。春季洄游性鱼类尚未游到闽江口海域产卵,这是闽江口鱼类资源重量密度远远小于兴化湾的原因。夏季有较多鱼类洄游到闽江口,是这一海域鱼类数量激增的主要原因。春季,鱼类重量密度高值出现在闽江口南部,主要是南部出现了前鳞鲻、凤鲚、龙头鱼等洄游性经济鱼类。在兴化湾,洄游性鱼种六指马鲅和竹鱼,地方性鱼种皮氏叫姑鱼和鳐科,科鱼类大量出现湾口,这是该水域鱼类数量较高的原因。
译  名：
Comparison of fish density between the Minjiang Estuary and Xinghua Bay during spring and summer
作  者：
XU Zhao-Li ( Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuary Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture of China, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)
关键词：
fish; dominant species; density; Minjiang Estuary; Xinghua Bay
摘  要：
To study ecological characteristics of the fish density,this paper compared the spatial-temporal distribution of fish density between the Minjiang Estuary and Xinghua Bay,involved in some impact factors such as dominant species,background of topography and geomorphy,as well as hydrological features,based on the data from four oceanographic censuses in the two kinds of waters during April( spring) and September ( summer) 2008. Results showed that weight density( 165. 31 kg /km2) and individual density( 15. 89 × 103 ind/km2) at the Minjiang Estuary,were higher than those( 638. 4 kg /km2 and 19. 73 × 103 ind/km2) at the Xinghua Bay during spring,contrarily in summer,weight density( 1 728. 83 kg /km2) and individual density ( 158. 81 ×103 ind/km2) at the Minjiang Estuary,were far higher than those( 1 378. 20 kg /km2 and 58. 15 × 103 ind/km2) at the Xinghua Bay,which are related to fish resources of the two waters. In the Xinghua Bay, the most dominant species were endemic species with low dominance and contribution to total density except Polynemus sextarius. But in the Minjiang Estuary,the most dominant species were economic migratory species among which Coilia mystus contribute the largest percentage both in weight and in individual densities. The weight density in the Minjiang Estuary was lower than that in the Xinghua Bay in spring because migratory fishes did not arrive at the Minjiang Estuary waters to spawn,but the case was opposite with the migratory fishes arriving at Minjiang Estuary in summer. High density located in southern waters of the Minjiang Estuary where a lot of migratory fishes such as Mugil ophuyseni,Coilia mystus,Harpodon nehereus,Chelidonichthys spinosus and Mugil soiuy while aggregation of migratory fishes ( such as Polynemus sextarius and Trachurus japonicus) together with endemic fishes ( such as Dasyatis zugei and Johnius belengerii) formed the higher density in head waters than other waters in the Xinghua Bay.

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