关键词：
重力式网箱;配重系统;模型试验;水动力特性;容积损失
摘 要：
重力式网箱在强水流作用下的容积保持率关系到养殖鱼类健康生长,而网箱不同配重系统与其容积保持率、网箱阻力息息相关.为探究不同配重系统对网箱水动力特性的影响,本研究采用田内准则,通过模型试验研究了周长 40 m的HDPE圆形重力式网箱在4 种不同配重系统下其容积保持率、网箱阻力与流速之间的关系.结果显示:随着流速和配重量的增加,4 种配重类型下网箱箱体的阻力均逐渐增大,并且阻力与流速之间呈现幂函数关系;与采用沉子配重的箱体相比,采用铁链配重的网箱在配重总量逐渐增加时,其阻力变化不大;当流速超过 28.3 cm/s时,"底框+撑网圈+沉子"这种配重组合方式能够实现网箱容积保持率的最大化,在最大试验流速为 70.7 cm/s以及 3 种不同配重重量条件下,分别能够保持有效容积的 65.96%、69.10%和 71.72%,此外,采用上述配重系统的网箱在特定流速和配重量下,其单位体积阻力最小,表现出最佳性能;经无量纲化处理发现箱体阻力与有效容积之间呈现出显著的负相关性.研究结果为HDPE重力式网箱的配重系统设计和应用提供了有益的参考依据.
译 名：
Study on the influence of different weight systems on hydrodynamic characteristics of hdpe circular gravity fish cage
关键词：
gravity net cage%weight system%model test%hydrodynamic characteristics%volume loss
摘 要：
The preservation of volume within gravity cages,particularly in the face of strong water currents,is intricately linked to the health and growth of farmed fish.Moreover,the distinct weight systems employed in these cages play a pivotal role in shaping both their volume retention rate and resistance against external hydrodynamic forces.To delve into the impact of various weight systems on the hydrodynamic features of net cages,this study employs the Tauti criterion.Model experiments are conducted on a 40-meter circumference HDPE gravity-based net cage,exploring four distinct weight systems.The investigation meticulously examines the interconnections among force distribution,volume retention,and current velocity to provide a comprehensive understanding of the hydrodynamic dynamics at play.The results underscore a consistent trend:irrespective of the weight type,the cage's resistance systematically escalates with increasing velocity and total weight.This escalation follows a discernible power function relationship between force and current velocity.Intriguingly,cages utilizing chains demonstrate minimal changes in resistance as total weight gradually increases,presenting a noteworthy contrast to their counterparts using weighted weights.At a specific velocity,a strategic amalgamation of a"bottom frame,reinforced ring,and weighted weights"emerges as the optimal configuration,achieving the pinnacle of volume retention for the cage.Delving further into specific conditions,under a peak experimental current velocity of 70.7 cm/s and varying total weight scenarios,the effective volume is consistently maintained at 65.96%,69.10%,and 71.72%,respectively.Furthermore,the cage employing this specific weight system not only attains maximum volume retention but also displays optimal performance by minimizing force per unit volume at designated current velocities and total weights.Through meticulous dimensionless treatment,a substantial negative correlation between cage resistance and effective volume is unveiled,leading to the proposal of a novel quantitative analysis method.In summary,these findings not only elucidate the nuanced dynamics of cage resistance but also offer practical insights into optimizing weight systems for enhanced volume retention in HDPE gravity net cages.These research results provide useful reference for the design and application of the weight system of HDPE gravity net cages.
