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试论中国橡胶(树)史和橡胶文化

作  者:
张箭
单  位:
四川大学历史文化学院
关键词:
橡胶树;传入中国;在华的发展;独特的橡胶文化
摘  要:
1904年橡胶栽培分别传入中国云南、海南和台湾岛。中国人对橡胶树的认识在民国时代也达到了与世界基本同步的水准。由于种种原因,到新中国成立时中国的橡胶园和橡胶工业均极其弱小。经过新中国成立后60多年的大力发展,中国今天已是世界上第六大天然橡胶生产国和最大的橡胶消费国。与此同时,中国人还形成了自己独特的橡胶文化——这表现在语言词汇方面的"橡皮图章"、"踢皮球"等;少年儿童游戏方面的跳橡皮筋、玩弹弓等;文学方面颂扬橡胶树的诗歌、散文等。橡胶(树)在极大丰富了人们的物质生活的同时也丰富了人们的精神生活。
译  名:
On the History of Rubber and its Culture in China
作  者:
Zhang Jian;Historical and Cultural College of Sichuan University;
关键词:
Rubber tree;;Spread into China;;Development in China;;Unique rubber culture
摘  要:
Cultivation of rubber tree was spread into Yunnan,Hainan and Taiwan of China separately in 1904.The Chinese knowledge of rubber tree reached almost the same level as the world during the Republic of China.The Chinese rubber plantation and industry were small and extremely weak till the foundation of the New China owing to various causes.Through the development with great effort for more than 60 years after the foundation of PRC,today China has become the sixth greatest country of natural rubber production and the biggest one of rubber consumption.At the same time,the Chinese people form their own unique rubber culture as well.This can be seen from Chinese expressions like "rubber stamp" and "to tick a ball",Children' s games like playing the rubber band and the catapult etc,and poems and prose lauding rubber tree in the literature.The rubber(tree) greatly enriches people' s material life,in addition,it enriches people' s spiritual life.

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