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Position: Home > Articles > Local ancestry and selection in admixed Sanjiang cattle Stress Biology 2023,3 (1)

Local ancestry and selection in admixed Sanjiang cattle

作  者：
Ling Yang;Yaxuan Ren;Kaixing Qu;Suolang Quji;Zhuzha Basang;Chuzhao Lei;Ningbo Che
单  位：
Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China;Academy of Science and Technology, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong, China;Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Chin;Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
关键词：
Adaptation;Local ancestry;Selection;Whole-genome sequencin
摘  要：
The majority of native cattle are taurine × indicine cattle of diverse phenotypes in the central region of China. Sanjiang cattle, a typical breed in the central region, play a central role in human livelihood and have good adaptability, including resistance to dampness, heat, roughage, and disease, and are thus regarded as an important genetic resource. However, the genetic history of the successful breed remains unknown. Here, we sequenced 10 Sanjiang cattle genomes and compared them to the 70 genomes of 5 representative populations worldwide. We characterized the genomic diversity and breed formation process of Sanjiang cattle and found that Sanjiang cattle have a mixed ancestry of indicine (55.6%) and taurine (33.2%) dating to approximately 30 generations ago, which has shaped the genome of Sanjiang cattle. Through ancestral fragment inference, selective sweep and transcriptomic analysis, we identified several genes linked to lipid metabolism, immune regulation, and stress reactions across the mosaic genome of Sanjiang cattle showing an excess of taurine or indicine ancestry. Taurine ancestry might contribute to meat quality, and indicine ancestry is more conducive to adaptation to hot climate conditions, making Sanjiang cattle a valuable genetic resource for the central region of China. Our results will help us understand the evolutionary history and ancestry components of Sanjiang cattle, which will provide a reference for resource conservation and selective breeding of Chinese native cattle.

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