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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 基于ITS和trnL-F序列的具有优良性状蕉类资源的遗传结构分析 分子植物育种 2022,20 (1) 176-185
Position: Home > Articles > Genetic Structure Analysis of Banana Resources with Excellent Traits based on ITS and trnL-F Sequences Molecular Plant Breeding 2022,20 (1) 176-185

基于ITS和trnL-F序列的具有优良性状蕉类资源的遗传结构分析

作  者：
龙芳;武鹏;邹瑜;何海旺;莫天利;黄相;赵明
单  位：
广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所
关键词：
遗传结构;蕉类;ITS序列;trnL-F序列
摘  要：
为了构建广西具有优良性状的蕉类遗传结构,本研究收集了广西7个不同地理来源的5大种类具有优良性状的蕉类资源,利用PCR技术将这些蕉类资源细胞核DNA的ITS序列及叶绿体DNA的trnL-F序列进行扩增和测序,并对测序所获得的序列进行STRUCTURE分类、PCoA排序、AMOVA分析、群体遗传分化(F_(ST)指数)及基于NJ树和UPGMA树的聚类分析,进一步研究蕉类资源遗传变异分布和遗传变异水平。STRUCTURE结果显示:当K=2时,Delta K出现了最高的峰值,即将个体分为2个类别最合适,大蕉中的多数和野蕉中的少数可归为第一类,所有粉蕉、鸡蕉、香蕉和大多数的野蕉归为第二类。PCoA排序图显示粉蕉虽然个体数量较多,但是遗传多样性较低,而大蕉和野蕉具有较高的多样性。AMOVA分析表明遗传变异主要存在于群体内的个体间,方差占总和的63.088%,品种间的遗传变异大于品种内群体间的遗传变异,方差分别占总和的27.676%和9.236%。遗传分化非常大(F_(ST)>0.25)且P<0.05的群体绝大多数在不同蕉类型之间。NJ树和UPGMA树同样显示不同蕉类型之间的群体遗传距离较远。以上结果表明野蕉存在的历史最久,积累了大量的遗传变异;在人工杂交育种时,不同蕉之间的交配可能产生更多的具有遗传多样性的后代;具有育种潜力性状的粉蕉分布在遗传关系非常近的一个群体内,今后的资源收集时应该更加注重对某个粉蕉群体的详尽调查以发现更多的可利用性状。研究结果有助于对广西具有优良性状的蕉类资源的蕴藏状况和遗传潜力进行评估,为进一步的育种学应用奠定基础。
译  名：
Genetic Structure Analysis of Banana Resources with Excellent Traits based on ITS and trnL-F Sequences
作  者：
Long Fang;Wu Peng;Zou Yu;He Haiwang;Mo Tianli;Huang Xiang;Zhao Ming;Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences;
关键词：
Genetic structure;;Manila classes;;ITS sequence;;trnL-F sequence
摘  要：
In order to study the genetic structure of banana resources with excellent traits in Guangxi,banana resources from 5 major species and 7 different geographical sites in Guangxi province were collected.The ITS sequence of nuclear DNA and trnL-F of chloroplast DNA of these banana resources were cloned.STRUCTURE classification,PCoA sorting,AMOVA analysis,population genetic differentiation (F_(ST)index) and cluster analysis based on NJ tree and UPGMA tree were performed to study the distribution of genetic variation and the level of genetic variation.STRUCTURE results showed that when K=2,Delta K had the highest peak value.It was the most suitable category for individuals to be divided into.Most plantains and a few wild bananas could be classified into the first category.All Pisang Awak,Musa spp.cv.Jijiao,Cavendish and most wild bananas were classified into the second category;the PCoA map showed that although the number of Pisang Awak was large,the genetic diversity was low.In contrast,plantains and wild bananas had higher diversity.AMOVA analysis showed that genetic variation mainly exists among individuals within populations,with variance accounting for 63.088%of the total.The genetic variation between species was greater than the genetic variation between populations within species.The variances account for 27.676%and 9.236%of the total respectively.Populations with very large (F_(ST)>0.25) genetic differentiation were mainly between different banana types.NJ tree and UPGMA tree also showed that the population genetic distance between different banana types is relatively long.Comprehensive analysis of the results indicated that wild bananas had the longest history and accumulated a large amount of genetic variation;in artificial cross breeding,mating between different bananas may produce more genetically diverse offspring.Pisang Awak with excellent traits distributed in a group with very close genetic relationship and more attention should be paid to a detailed investigation of a certain group of Pisang Awak to find more usable traits in future resource collection.

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