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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 雨滴击溅在薄层水流侵蚀中的作用 水土保持通报 1992 (4) 19-26+47
Position: Home > Articles > The Action of Raindrop Splash on Sheet Flow Erosion Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation 1992 (4) 19-26+47

雨滴击溅在薄层水流侵蚀中的作用

作  者：
吴普特;周佩华
单  位：
中国科学院水利部西北水土保持研究所
关键词：
雨滴击溅;径流侵蚀;薄层水流
摘  要：
试验采用人工模拟降雨方法,对薄层水流侵蚀的两个阶段——雨滴击溅及径流侵蚀进行了模拟试验研究。得出:在消除雨滴打击作用后,坡面侵蚀的主要营力为薄层水流的拖拽力(τ=rhsinα),且径流侵蚀量S_R与τ有下列关系式: S_R=921.497τ~(1.713) r=0.876 α=0.017 以上式为基础,即可从有雨滴打击作用下所产生的侵蚀量中推算出径流侵蚀量S_R与雨滴侵蚀量S_(Rd)。结果表明:S_(Rd)一般占总侵蚀量的70%以上,最高可达95%,说明薄层水流侵蚀所产生的泥沙绝大部分是由雨滴击溅所致。因此,笔者认为坡度较小地段的薄层水流侵蚀,应以消除或降低雨滴击溅作用为其主要防治措施。
译  名：
The Action of Raindrop Splash on Sheet Flow Erosion
作  者：
Wu Pute;Zhon Peihua Northwestern Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Academia Sinica and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100
关键词：
raindrop splash;;runoff erosion;;sheet flow
摘  要：
The simulated rainfall tests have been carried out to approach two stages of rai-ndrop splash and runoff erosion on sheet flow. It was obtained that the main stressof slope surface erosion is sheet flow stress (T=rhsinα) where the action of raindropsplash is eliminatec; and the relationship between runoff erosion (S_R) and sheet flowstress is as S_R = 921 .497τ~(1.73) (r = 0.876, α= 0.01). Based on this equation the runoff er-osion (S_R) and raindrop erosion (S_(Rd)) can be calculaled from the total erosive amountwhich is caused by the action of raindrop splash. The results show that raindrop erosion (S_(Rd) ) accounts for more than 70% of total erosion, and themaximum may reach 95% of that. It was indicated that the sedimentof sheet flow erosion is mainly caused by raindrop splash. There fore, theauthors hold that the key measures to control sheet flow erosion, occurring at theland segment of Less steepness are to reduce or eliminate the raindrop splash.

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