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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > 玛纳斯河流域景观分异特征及其水文生态效应研究 水土保持研究 2015,22 (3) 73-78
Position: Home > Articles > Study on the Characteristics of Landscape Differentiation and Its Hydro-Ecological Effect in Manas River Basin Research of Soil and Water Conservation 2015,22 (3) 73-78

玛纳斯河流域景观分异特征及其水文生态效应研究

作  者：
杨卫红;张军民;李松霞;徐丽萍;唐湘玲;王玲
单  位：
石河子大学理学院;石河子大学经济管理学院
关键词：
土地利用;景观分异;MODS;景观指数;水文生态效应;玛纳斯河流域
摘  要：
土地利用及景观变化是全球变化研究的核心议题。玛纳斯河流域是干旱区典型的山地—绿洲—荒漠生态系统,在3S技术下,采用定量分析方法,研究玛纳斯河流域的景观分异特征,并进一步分析所带来的水文生态效应,结果表明:(1)玛纳斯河流域土地利用的人工化和集约化趋势明显,生态景观持续弱化;(2)特殊的山地—绿洲—荒漠生态系统使得土地利用变化存在着区域差异,表现在绿洲区土地利用趋向高度人工化和结构稳定性,绿洲区外围则趋向高度敏感化与生态脆弱性;(3)山地区、绿洲区和荒漠区呈现出不同的景观分异特征。在山地区,洪积扇上部的开发导致了景观多样性的增加。在绿洲区,斑块的分布更加邻近且趋向简单化和归一化。荒漠区的景观变化较为复杂,以水域的连通性和优势度降低,未利用地的破碎化加大为主;(4)玛纳斯河流域的景观变化扰乱了上游水文循环、弱化了下游水资源分配。
译  名：
Study on the Characteristics of Landscape Differentiation and Its Hydro-Ecological Effect in Manas River Basin
作  者：
YANG Weihong;ZHANG Junmin;LI Songxia;XU Liping;TANG Xiangling;WANG Ling;College of Science,Shihezi University;College of Economic Management,Shihezi University;
关键词：
land use;;landscape differentiation;;MODS;;landscape index;;hydro-ecological effect;;Manas River Basin
摘  要：
Land use and landscape change are the core issues of global change research.Manas River Basin is a typical mountain-oasis-desert ecosystem in the arid areas.Based on the 3Stechnology and using the method of quantitative analysis the characteristics of landscape differentiation and its hydro-ecological effect in Manas River Basin were examined.The results showed that:(1)the artificialization and intensive trend of land use were obvious,ecological landscape continued to weaken;(2)land use changes presented the regional differences due to the special mountain-oasis-desert ecosystem,land use tended to highly altitude artificialization and structure stability in oasis area,then tended to highly sensitive and fragile ecology in periphery of oasis;(3)in mountain areas,oasis areas and desert areas,the characteristics of landscape differentiation was different,the development of foreland pluvial fan led to the increase of landscape diversity in mountain areas;the distribution of patch became more nearby and tended to simplification and normalized in oasis areas;landscape pattern change was more complicated in desert areas,giving that the priority of the dominance and dominance index of water area decreased,the fragmentation of unused land increased;(4)the landscape change disrupted the hydrologic cycle in the upper reaches of Manas River,weakened the water resources allocation in the lower reaches of Manas River.

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