单 位：
恩施市疾病预防控制中心;湖北省疾病预防控制中心卫生监测检验防护所
关键词：
营养状况;农村义务教育学生营养改善计划;中小学生
摘 要：
目的:评价湖北省"农村义务教育学生营养改善计划"(简称"计划")重点监测地区实施5年后学生的营养健康状况。方法 :采用自身前后对照的现场干预试验方法,比较2012年和2016年湖北省重点监测地区恩施市重点监测学生的营养不良、贫血、维生素A和维生素D缺乏的患病状况。结果 :2016年学生营养正常、营养不良和超重/肥胖的检出率分别为73. 9%、9. 0%、17. 1%。与2012年相比,2016年学生营养状况构成有显著性改变,其中营养不良、营养正常检出率分别下降了0. 5、7. 3个百分点,超重/肥胖上升了7. 3个百分点。男生营养不良和超重/肥胖检出率均高于女生。2016年维生素A亚临床缺乏率、缺乏率分别为27. 8%、2. 2%,相对于2012年分别下降了23. 9、5. 9个百分点; 2016年维生素D亚临床缺乏率、缺乏率分别为61. 5%、2. 8%,相对于2012年分别下降了13. 4、3. 9个百分点,缺乏状况构成改变均有显著性(P <0. 01)。2016年不同年龄、不同性别学生贫血检出情况与2012年相比无显著性改变。结论:"计划"实施5年后,湖北省重点监测地区中小学生的营养健康水平得到有效改善,但学生营养问题存在双重负担,超重/肥胖构成比例上升幅度较大;维生素A、维生素D缺乏率大幅度下降,但仍有相当比例处于亚临床缺乏状态。
译 名：
Evaluation on Nutritional Status of Middle and Primary School Students after Implementation from Key Monitoring Region of the National Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Students in Hubei Province
作 者：
CHENG Mao-wei;TANG Zhen-hui;DAI Shi-yu;LI Jing-jing;GONG Chen-rui;Institute of Health Monitoring,Inspection and Protection,Hubei Province for Diseases Control and Prevention;Enshi City for Diseases Control and Prevention;
单 位：
CHENG Mao-wei%TANG Zhen-hui%DAI Shi-yu%LI Jing-jing%GONG Chen-rui%Institute of Health Monitoring,Inspection and Protection,Hubei Province for Diseases Control and Prevention%Enshi City for Diseases Control and Prevention
关键词：
nutrition status;;National Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Students;;primary and middle school student
摘 要：
Objective To investigate the nutritional status of middle and primary school students in key monitoring region in Hubei province of China from 2012 to 2016 and to evaluate the effectiveness of the Nutrition Improvement Program for Compulsory Education Students in Rural Area( referred to as Improvement Program). Method Using an anterior-posterior self-control study on the intervention experiment method,the differences of the prevalence of malnutrition,anemia,vitamin A and vitamin D deficiency from 2012 to 2016 were compared. Result Normal nutrition,malnutrition and overweight/obesity detection rate were 73. 9%,9. 0% and 17. 1% respectively in2016. Compared with 2012,there was significant difference in the nutrition composition in 2016( P < 0. 01),which included malnutrition,normal nutrition detection rate decreased by 0. 5% and 7. 3%,overweight/obesity increased by 7. 3% respectively. The malnutrition and overweight/obesity detection rate in boys were higher than in girls. The subclinical lack ratio and lack ratio of vitamin A were 27. 8%,2. 2%,which dropped 23. 9 and 5. 9 percentage points respectively compared with 2012. The subclinical lack ratio and lack ratio of vitamin D were61. 5%,2. 8%,which dropped 13. 4 and 3. 9 percentage points respectively compared with 2012. The lack ratio changes of vitamin A and vitamin D were significant( P < 0. 01). There were insignificant changes in anemia detection rate for in different age and genders from 2012 to 2016( P > 0. 05). Conclusion The students' nutrition and health condition was effectively improved by means of performing after five years of implementation program in key monitoring region in Hubei province. However,in addition to the presence of malnutrition in poor areas,overweight and obesity also existed. The rising range of proportion of the composition of overweight/obesity was greater. Vitamin A and vitamin D deficiency rate both dropped substantially,but there were still significant proportion in the subclinical lack of state. In order to obtain better nutrition improvement,related departments should attach great importance to develop appropriate program implementation strategy and carry out the work targeted.
