关键词：
细鳞鲑;维生素E;生长性能;血清生化指标;需求量
摘 要：
本试验旨在研究饲料中不同水平的维生素E对细鳞鲑幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标和机体维生素E积累量的影响,并确定细鳞鲑幼鱼对饲料中维生素E的需求量。选取初均质量为(40.2±3.6)g的细鳞鲑幼鱼270尾,随机分成6个组,每组3个重复,每个重复15尾。各组分别投喂不同维生素E水平(实测值分别为16.6、64.9、165.5、316.2、615.5和1 214.7 mg/kg)的6种等氮等能的试验饲料。试验期120 d。结果表明:1)细鳞鲑的末均质量(FW)、增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)均随着饲料维生素E水平的升高呈先升高后降低的趋势,165.5 mg/kg组细鳞鲑的FW显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),165.5 mg/kg组细鳞鲑的WGR和SGR显著高于16.6和1 214.7 mg/kg组(P<0.05)。各组间细鳞鲑的摄食率、饲料系数和蛋白质效率没有显著差异(P>0.05)。2)随着饲料维生素E水平的升高,血清甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)含量均呈逐渐降低的趋势,且615.5和1 214.5 mg/kg组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。随着饲料维生素E水平的升高,血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量呈先升高后降低的趋势,且165.5 mg/kg组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),64.9和316.2 mg/kg组显著高于16.6、615.5和1 214.5 mg/kg组(P<0.05);而血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量与HDL-C含量呈相反的趋势,且165.5和316.2 mg/kg组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。各组间血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性没有显著差异(P>0.05)。3)随着饲料维生素E水平的升高,细鳞鲑肝脏维生素E积累量除615.5与1 214.5 mg/kg组间无显著差异(P>0.05)外,呈显著升高的趋势(P<0.05);肌肉维生素E积累量也呈升高的趋势,在饲料维生素E水平大于165.5 mg/kg时恒定在一个水平,且165.5、316.2、615.5和1 214.5 mg/kg组肌肉维生素E沉积量显著高于16.6和64.9 mg/kg组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加适宜水平的维生素E可以改善细鳞鲑的生长性能和血清生化指标,增加肝脏和肌肉维生素E积累量。以增重率和肌肉维生素E积累量为评价指标,根据折线模型得出,细鳞鲑对饲料中维生素E的需求量分别为145.87和180.98 mg/kg。
译 名：
Requirement of Dietary Vitamin E for Juvenile Manchurian Trout( Brachymystax lenok)
作 者：
CHANG Jie;NIU Huaxin;HU Zongfu;YU Jianhua;Li Shuguo;College of Animal Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities;
单 位：
College of Animal Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities
关键词：
Brachymystax lenok;;vitamin E;;growth performance;;serum biochemical indicators;;requirement
摘 要：
This study w as conducted to investigate the effects of dietary different levels of vitamin E on grow th performance,serum biochemical indicators and vitamin E accumulation in body,and to determine the vitamin E requirements of manchurian trout( Brachymystax lenok). A total of 600 juvenile manchurian trout w ith an initial body w eight of( 40.2 ± 3.6) g w ere randomly divided into 6 groups w ith 3 replicates per group and 15 fish per replicate. The fish w ere fed six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing different levels( measured values w ere 16.6,64.9,165. 5,316. 2,615. 5 and 1214. 7 mg/kg,respectively) of vitamin E. The experiment lasted for 120 days. The results show ed as follow s: 1) the final w eight( FW),w eight gain rate( WGR)and special grow th rate( SGR) of manchurian trout w ere firstly increased and then decreased w ith dietary vitamin E level increasing. The FWof manchurian trout in 165.5 mg/kg group w as significantly higher than that in other groups( P< 0. 05). The WGR and SGR of manchurian trout in 165. 5 mg/kg group w ere significantly higher than those in 16.6 and 1 214.7 mg/kg groups( P< 0.05). There w ere no significant differences in feed intake rate,feed conversion rate and protein efficiency rate of manchurian trout among all groups( P > 0. 05).2) With the dietary vitamin E level increasing,the serum triglyceride( TG) and total cholesterol( TC) contents w ere gradually decreased,w hich in 615.5 and 1 214.5 mg/kg groups w ere significantly low er than those in the other groups( P< 0.05). With the dietary vitamin E level increasing,the serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol( HDL-C) content firstly increased and then decreased,w hich in 165. 5 mg/kg group w as significantly higher than that in other groups( P< 0.05),w hile w hich in 64.9 and 615.5 mg/kg groups w as significantly higher than that in 16.6,615.5 and 1 214.5 mg/kg groups( P< 0.05). The serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol( LDL-C) content had the opposite trend w ith HDL-C content, w hich in 165. 5 and316.2 mg/kg groups w as significantly low er than that in other groups( P < 0. 05). There w ere no significant differences in the activities of alanine aminotransferase( ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase( AST) in serum among all groups( P> 0.05). 3) With the dietary vitamin E level increasing,the liver vitamin E accumulation w as significantly increased( P< 0.05) except that in 15.5 and 1 214.5 mg/kg groups( P > 0.05). The muscle vitamin E accumulation w as increased w ith the dietary vitamin E level increasing,w hich constant on a level w hen dietary vitamin E level exceeded 165.5 mg/kg,and the muscle vitamin E accumulation in 165.5,316.2,615.5 and 1 214.5 mg/kg groups w as significantly higher than that in 16.6 and 64.9 mg/kg groups( P< 0.05).Therefore,dietary appropriate vitamin E supplemental level can improve the grow th performance and serum biochemical indicators of manchurian trout,and increase the accumulation of vitamin E in liver and muscle. According to the broken-line models,WGR and muscle vitamin E accumulation are used as evaluation indexes,the requirement of vitamin E is 145. 87 and 180. 98 mg/kg,respectively.
