关键词：
普氏野马(Equus przewalskii);遗传标记;遗传多样性;保护遗传学
摘 要：
从染色体、血型和血液蛋白(酶)、线粒体DNA、微卫星DNA和MHC等遗传标记方面,综述了近年来国内外对普氏野马(Equus przewalskii,EPR)遗传多样性的研究进展。提出了自己的看法:近交衰退依然存在,EPR的遗传多样性不够丰富,而且EPR与家马(Equus caballus,ECA)的亲缘关系尚有争论。历史上的瓶颈效应和近交已经严重影响到EPR种群的生存力,有必要搞清中国区EPR的遗传学数据,这既有利于国际间EPR的基因交流,也能为中国区EPR的保护提供理论依据。
译 名：
Progress in Studies on Genetic Diversity of Equus przewalskii
作 者：
LIU Gang,HU De-fu,ZHAO Sha-sha(College of Life Science and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)
关键词：
Equus przewalskii;genetic marker;genetic diversity;conservation genetics
摘 要：
The progress in studies on genetic diversity of Equus przewalskii is reviewed from the aspect of genetic markers,such as the chromosome,blood group and allozyme,mitochondrial DNA,microsatellite DNA and MHC.After analyzing systematically the achievements in researching the genetic diversity of E.przewalskii at home and abroad,it can be found that there is still an inbreeding depression,which threatens the EPR population and genetic diversity of E.przewalskii,and the taxonomic issue between E.przewalskii and Equus caballus is still in debate.As the historical bottleneck effect and inbreeding have impacted severely the viability of E.przewalskii,it is necessary to document the genetic diversity of E.przewalskii in China so as to benefit the international gene flow and offer a theoretical basis for further conservation of E.przewalskii in China.
