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当前位置: 首页 > 文章 > CO_2浓度升高对作物生理影响研究进展 中国农学通报 2013 (18) 11-15
Position: Home > Articles > The Effects of CO_2 Concentration Enrichment on Crops Physiology Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 2013 (18) 11-15

CO_2浓度升高对作物生理影响研究进展

作  者：
姜帅;居辉;刘勤
单  位：
中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业部农业环境与气候变化重点开放实验室;中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所;中国科学院南京土壤研究所
关键词：
CO2浓度升高;作物;光合作用;蒸腾作用;生理
摘  要：
农业是对气候变化反应最为敏感部门,CO2浓度升高又是气候变化的主要特征之一,同时CO2作为作物的光合底物,对作物的生长发育以及生理生化过程具有重要影响。气候变化对农业影响关系到国家粮食安全,明确CO2浓度升高对作物的生理影响是客观评价气候变化对作物生产影响的重要组成部分,对正确认识粮食供给能力具有重要意义。综述了高浓度CO2对作物光合作用的影响,包括作物光合作用对短期和长期高CO2浓度的响应;归纳了高浓度CO2对蒸腾作用的影响;总结了高浓度CO2对水分利用率的影响;分析了高浓度CO2对作物呼吸的影响。分析认为,短期CO2浓度升高提高了作物光合作用,但持续性的高CO2浓度对光合的促进作用由于光合适应而有所减弱,CO2浓度升高使气孔开张度减小或关闭,气孔导度下降,作物蒸腾作用降低,水分利用效率提高,最后提出了目前研究中的一些不足和今后需要深入研究方向。
译  名：
The Effects of CO_2 Concentration Enrichment on Crops Physiology
作  者：
Jiang Shuai 1,2 , Ju Hui 1,2 , Liu Qin 1 (1 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development on Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science , Beijing 100081; 2 Key Laboratory of Agro-environment & Climate Change; Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100081)
关键词：
elevated CO2 ; crops; photosynthesis; transpiration; physiology
摘  要：
Agriculture is a particularly sensitive part to changes in climate variability. The elevated CO2 is one of main features of climate change. As the raw materials of photosynthesis, CO2 has essential effects on the growth and development of crops and some physiological and biochemical process. Because the effects of climate change on the agriculture are important to national food security, so to clearly find out effects of the elevated CO2 on the physiological process of crops is a major part of evaluating the effects of climate change on the production of crops. This is very important for us to know the food supply capacity. In this review, we summarized the photosynthesis of crops responded on the elevated CO2 included a transient and long-term respond to it, generalized the impacts of the elevated CO2 on the transpiration rate of crops, summed up water use efficiency of crops responded on the elevated CO2 and analyzed the impacts of the elevated CO2 on the respiration of crops. According to analysis, the photosynthesis was enhanced under the elevated CO2 environment in the short term, but photosynthesis decreased in the long term because of acclimation ofphotosynthetic capacity. Responses of crops to the elevated CO2 also were indulged in the opening degree of stomata decreased, stomatal conductance declined, transpiration reduced and water use efficiency increased. Finally, some deficiencies in current studies and the direction of researches in the future were pointed out.

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